(1) This Act may be called the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020.

(2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification appoint; and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Code and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Code shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.

(3) It shall not apply to the offices of the Central Government, offices of the State Government and any ship of war of any nationality: Provided that the Code shall apply in case of contract labour employed through contractor in the offices of the Central Government or in the offices of the State Government, where, the Central Government or, as the case may be, the State Government is the principal employer.

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Any person in the service of the Government duly authorised in this behalf by a special order in writing of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or of an Inspector-cumFacilitator may, for the purpose of surveying, leveling or measuring any mine or any output therefrom, after giving not less than three days notice to the manager of such mine, enter the mine and may survey, level or measure the mine or any part thereof or any output therefrom at any time by day or night:
Provided that, where in the opinion of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or of an Inspector-cum-Facilitator an emergency exists, he may, by order in writing, authorise any such person to enter the mine for any of the aforesaid purposes without giving any such notice.

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(1) In this Code, unless the context otherwise requires,—
(a) "adolescent" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (i) of section 2 of the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986;

(b) "adult" means a person who has completed his eighteenth year of age;

(c) "agent" when used in relation to a mine, means every person, whether appointed as such or not, who, acting or purporting to act on behalf of the owner, takes part in the management, control, supervision or direction of such mine or of any part thereof;

(d) "appropriate Government" means—
(i) in relation to, establishments [other than those specified in sub-clause (ii)] carried on by or under the authority of the Central Government or concerning any such controlled industry as may be specified in this behalf by the Central Government or the establishment of railways including metro railways, mines, oil field, major ports, air transport service or telecommunication service, banking company or any insurance company (by whatever name called) established by a Central Act or a corporation or other authority established by a Central Act or a Central public sector undertaking or subsidiary companies set up by the Central public sector undertakings or autonomous bodies owned or controlled by the Central Government, including establishment of contractors for the purposes of such establishment, corporation or other authority, Central public sector undertakings, subsidiary companies or autonomous bodies, as the case may be, the Central Government:
Provided that in the case of Central Public Sector Undertakings the appropriate Government shall continue to be the Central Government even if the holding of the Central Government reduces to less than fifty per cent. equity of the Central Government in that Public Sector Undertakings after the commencement of this Code; and
(ii) in relation to a factory, motor transport undertaking, plantation, newspaper establishment and establishment relating to beedi and cigar including the establishments not specified in clause (i), the concerned State Government where it is situated.
Explanation.—For the removal of doubts it is hereby clarified that State Government shall be the appropriate Government in respect of occupational safety, health and working conditions in a factory situated in that State;

(e) "audio-visual production" means audio-visual produced wholly or partly in India and includes—
(i) animation, cartoon depiction, audio-visual advertisement;
(ii) digital production or any of the activities in respect of making thereof; and
(iii) features films, non-feature films, television, web-based serials, talk shows, reality shows and sport shows;

(f) "audio-visual worker" means a person, who is employed, directly or through any contractor, in or in connection with the audio-visual production to work as an artist including actor, musician, singer, anchor, news reader, dancer, dubbing artist or stunt person or to do any work, skilled, unskilled, manual, supervisory, technical, artistic or otherwise, and his remuneration with respect to such employment in or in connection with the production of audio-visual does not exceed, where remuneration is by way of monthly wages or where such remuneration is by way of lump sum, in each case, such amount as may be notified by the Central Government;

(g) "banking company" means a banking company as defined in clause (c) of section 5 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and includes the Export-Import Bank of India, the Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India, the Small Industries Development Bank of India established under section 3 of the Small Industries Development Bank of India Act, 1989, the Reserve Bank of India, the State Bank of India, a corresponding new bank constituted under section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1970, a corresponding new bank constituted under section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1980;

(h) "building or other construction work" means the construction, alteration, repairs, maintenance or demolition in relation to buildings, streets, roads, railways, tramways, airfields, irrigation, drainage, embankment and navigation works, flood control works (including storm water drainage works), generation, transmission and distribution of power, water works (including channels for distribution of water), oil and gas installations, electric lines, internet towers, wireless, radio, television, telephone, telegraph and overseas communications, dams, canals, reservoirs, watercourses, tunnels, bridges, viaducts, aqua-ducts, pipelines, towers, cooling towers, transmission towers and such other work as may be specified in this behalf by the Central Government, by notification, but does not include building or other construction work which is related to any factory or mine and the building or other construction work where such work is for own residential purposes of an individual or group of individuals for their own residence and the total cost of such work does not exceed rupees fifty lakhs or such higher amount and employing more than such number of workers as may be notified by the appropriate Government;

(i) "building worker" means a person who is employed to do any highly skilled, skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, manual, technical or clerical work for hire or reward, whether the terms of such employment are express or implied, in connection with any building or other construction work, but does not include any such person who is employed mainly in a managerial or supervisory or administrative capacity;

(j) "cargo" includes anything carried or to be carried in a ship or other vessel, or vehicle;

(k) "Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator" means a Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator appointed under sub-section (5) of section 34;

(l) "competent person", means a person or an institution recognised as such by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator for the purposes of carrying out tests, examinations and inspections required to be done in an establishment having regard to—
(i) the qualifications and experience of the person and facilities available at his disposal; or
(ii) the qualifications and experience of the persons employed in such institution and facilities available therein:
Provided that in case of mines the competent person includes such other person who is authorised by the manager referred to in section 67 to supervise or perform any work, or to supervise the operation of machinery, plant or equipment and is responsible for such duties assigned to him and also includes a shot firer or blaster;

(m) "contract labour" means a worker who shall be deemed to be employed in or in connection with the work of an establishment when he is hired in or in connection with such work by or through a contractor, with or without the knowledge of the principal employer and includes inter-State migrant worker but does not include a worker (other than part time employee) who is regularly employed by the contractor for any activity of his establishment and his employment is governed by mutually accepted standards of the conditions of employment (including engagement on permanent basis), and gets periodical increment in the pay, social security coverage and other welfare benefits in accordance with the law for the time being in force in such employment;

(n) "contractor", in relation to an establishment, means a person, who—
(i) undertakes to produce a given result for the establishment, other than a mere supply of goods or articles of manufacture to such establishment, through contract labour; or
(ii) supplies contract labour for any work of the establishment as mere human resource, and includes a sub-contractor;

(o) "controlled industry" means any industry the control of which by the Central Government has been declared under any Central Act in the public interest;

(p) "core activity of an establishment" means any activity for which the establishment is set up and includes any activity which is essential or necessary to such activity:
Provided that the following shall not be considered as essential or necessary activity, if the establishment is not set up for such activity, namely:—
(i) sanitation works, including sweeping, cleaning, dusting and collection and disposal of all kinds of waste;
(ii) watch and ward services including security services;
(iii) canteen and catering services;
(iv) loading and unloading operations;
(v) running of hospitals, educational and training Institutions, guest houses, clubs and the like where they are in the nature of support services of an establishment;
(vi) courier services which are in nature of support services of an establishment;
(vii) civil and other constructional works, including maintenance;
(viii) gardening and maintenance of lawns and other like activities;
(ix) housekeeping and laundry services, and other like activities, where these are in nature of support services of an establishment;
(x) transport services including, ambulance services;
(xi) any activity of intermittent nature even if that constitutes a core activity of an establishment;

(q) "day" means a period of twenty-four hours beginning at mid-night;

(r) "District Magistrate", in relation to any mine, means the District Magistrate or the Deputy Commissioner, as the case may be, who is vested with the executive powers of maintaining law and order in the revenue district in which the mine is situated:
Provided that in case of a mine, which is situated partly in one district and partly in another, the District Magistrate for the purpose shall be the District Magistrate authorised in this behalf by the Central Government;

(s) "dock work" means any work in or within the vicinity of any port in connection with, or required for, or incidental to, the loading, unloading, movement or storage of cargoes into or from ship or other vessel, port, dock, storage place or landing place, and includes—
(i) work in connection with the preparation of ships or other vessels for receipt or discharge of cargoes or leaving port;
(ii) all repairing and maintenance processes connected with any hold, tank structure or lifting machinery or any other storage area on board the ship or in the docks; and
(iii) chipping, painting or cleaning of any hold, tank, structure or lifting machinery or any other storage area on board the ship or in the docks;

(t) "employee" means,—
(i) in respect of an establishment, a person (other than an apprentice engaged under the Apprentices Act, 1961) employed on wages by an establishment to do any skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled, manual, operational, supervisory, managerial, administrative, technical, clerical or any other work, whether the terms of employment be express or implied; and
(ii) a person declared to be an employee by the appropriate Government, but does not include any member of the Armed Forces of the Union:
Provided that notwithstanding anything contained in this clause, in case of a mine a person is said to be "employed" in a mine who works as the manager or who works under appointment by the owner, agent or manager of the mine or with the knowledge of the manager, whether for wages or not—
(a) in any mining operation (including the concomitant operations of handling and transport of minerals up to the point of dispatch and of gathering sand and transport thereof to the mine);
(b) in operations or services relating to the development of the mine including construction of plant therein but excluding construction of buildings, roads, wells and any building work not directly connected with any existing or future mining operations;
(c) in operating, servicing, maintaining or repairing any part of any machinery used in or about the mine;
(d) in operations, within the premises of the mine, of loading for dispatch of minerals;
(e) in any office of mine;
(f) in any welfare, health, sanitary or conservancy services required to be provided under this Code relating to mine, or watch and ward, within the premises of the mine excluding residential area; or (g) in any kind of work, whatsoever, which is preparatory or incidental to, or connected with, mining operations;

(u) "employer" means a person who employs, whether directly or through any person, or on his behalf, or on behalf of any person, one or more employees in his establishment and where the establishment is carried on by any Department of the Central Government or the State Government, the authority specified, by the head of such Department, in this behalf or where no authority, is so specified, the head of the Department and in relation to an establishment carried on by a local authority, the Chief Executive of that authority, and includes,—
(i) in relation to an establishment which is a factory, the occupier of the factory;
(ii) in relation to mine, the owner of the mine, agent or manager referred to in section 67;
(iii) in relation to any other establishment, the person who, or the authority which has ultimate control over the affairs of the establishment and where said affairs are entrusted to a manager or managing director, such manager or managing director;
(iv) contractor; and
(v) legal representative of a deceased employer;

(v) "establishment" means—
(i) a place where any industry, trade, business, manufacturing or occupation is carried on in which ten or more workers are employed; or
(ii) motor transport undertaking, newspaper establishment, audio-video production, building and other construction work or plantation, in which ten or more workers are employed; or
(iii) factory, for the purpose of Chapter II, in which ten or more workers are employed, notwithstanding the threshold of workers provided in clause (w); or
(iv) a mine or port or vicinity of port where dock work is carried out: Provided that in sub-clauses (i) and (ii), the threshold of worker specified therein shall not be applicable in case of such establishment or class of establishments, in which such hazardous or life threatening activity is being carried on, as may be notified by the Central Government:
Provided further that notwithstanding any threshold provided in the definition of factory in clause (w), for the purposes of Chapter II, the establishment specified in sub-clause (i) or sub-clause (ii) or sub-clause (iii) shall be deemed to be the establishment within the meaning of this clause though the number of employees employed are ten or more;

(w) "factory" means any premises including the precincts thereof—
(i) whereon twenty or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on; or
(ii) whereon forty or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on, but does not include a mobile unit belonging to the armed forces of the Union, railways running shed or a hotel, restaurant or eating place:
Provided that where under any law for the time being in force in a State immediately before the commencement of this Code, the number of workers specified is more or less than the number specified in clause (i) or clause (ii), then, the number specified under the law of the State shall prevail in that State till it is amended by the competent Legislature.
Explanation I.—For computing the number of workers for the purposes of this clause all the workers (in different groups and relays) in a day shall be taken into account.
Explanation II.—For the purposes of this clause, the mere fact that an Electronic Data Processing Unit or a Computer Unit is installed in any premises or part thereof, shall not be construed as factory if no manufacturing process is being carried on in such premises or part thereof;

(x) "family", when used in relation to a worker, means—
(i) spouse;
(ii) children including adopted children of the worker who are dependent upon him and have not completed the age of eighteen years; and
(iii) parents, grand-parents, widowed daughter and widowed sister dependent upon such worker. Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause, such dependents shall not be included who are, for the time being, getting such income from such sources, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;

(y) "godown" means any warehouse or other place, by whatever name called, used for the storage of any article or substance required for any manufacturing process which means any process for, or incidental to, making, finishing or packing or otherwise treating any article or substance with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery or disposal as finished products;

(z) "hazardous" means involving danger or potential danger;

(za) "hazardous process" means any process or activity in relation to an industry or plantation specified in the First Schedule where, unless special care is taken, raw materials used therein or the intermediate or finished products, bye-products, hazardous substances, wastes or effluents thereof or spraying of any pesticides, insecticides or chemicals used therein, as the case may be, would—
(i) cause material impairment to the health of the persons engaged in or connected therewith, or
(ii) result in the pollution of the general environment;

(zb) "hazardous substance" means any substance or such quantity of the substance as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government or preparation of which by reason of its chemical or physio-chemical properties or handling is liable to cause physical or health hazards to human being or may cause harm to other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, property or the environment;

(zc) "industrial premises" means any place or premises (not being a private dwelling house), including the precincts thereof, in which or in any part of which any industry, trade, business, occupation or manufacturing is being ordinarily carried on with or without the aid of power and includes a godown attached thereto;

(zd) "industry" means any systematic activity carried on by co-operation between an employer and worker (whether such worker is employed by such employer directly or by or through any agency, including a contractor) for the production, supply or distribution of goods or services with a view to satisfy human wants or wishes (not being wants or wishes which are merely spiritual or religious in nature), whether or not,—
(i) any capital has been invested for the purpose of carrying on such activity; or
(ii) such activity is carried on with a motive to make any gain or profit, but does not include—
(a) institutions owned or managed by organisations wholly or substantially engaged in any charitable, social or philanthropic services; or
(b) any activity of the appropriate Government relatable to the sovereign functions of the appropriate Government including all the activities carried on by the Departments of the Central Government dealing with defence research, atomic energy and space; or
(c) any domestic service; or
(d) any other activity as may be notified by the Central Government;

(ze) "Inspector-cum-Facilitator" means an Inspector-cum-Facilitator appointed under sub-section (1) of section 34;

(zf) "inter-State migrant worker" means a person who is employed in an establishment and who—
(i) has been recruited directly by the employer or indirectly through contractor in one State for employment in such establishment situated in another State; or
(ii) has come on his own from one State and obtained employment in an establishment of another State (hereinafter called destination State) or has subsequently changed the establishment within the destination State, under an agreement or other arrangement for such employment and draws wages not exceeding the amount of rupees eighteen thousand per month or such higher amount as may be notified by the Central Government from time to time;

(zg) "machinery" means any article or combination of articles assembled, arranged or connected and which is used or intended to be used for converting any form of energy to perform work, or which is used or intended to be used, whether incidental thereto or not, for developing, receiving, storing, containing, confining, transforming, transmitting, transferring or controlling any form of energy;

(zh) "major port" means a major port as defined in clause (8) of section 3 of the Indian Ports Act, 1908;

(zi) "manufacturing process" means any process for—
(i) making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, packing, oiling, washing, cleaning, breaking up, demolishing, or otherwise treating or adapting any article or substance with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery or disposal; or
(ii) pumping oil, water, sewage or any other substance; or
(iii) generating, transforming or transmitting power; or
(iv) composing, printing, printing by letter press, lithography, offset, photogravure screen printing, three Dimensional or four Dimensional printing, prototyping, flexography or other types of printing process or book binding; or
(v) constructing, reconstructing, repairing, refitting, finishing or breaking up ships or vessels; or
(vi) preserving or storing any article in cold storage; or
(vii) such other processes as the Central Government may notify;

(zj) "medical officer" means the medical officer appointed under sub-section (1) of section 42;

(zk) "metro railway" means the metro railway as defined in sub-clause (i) of clause (1) of section 2 of the Metro Railways (Operation and Maintenance) Act, 2002;

(zl) "mine" means any excavation where any operation for the purpose of searching for or obtaining minerals has been or is being carried on and includes—
(i) all borings, bore holes, oil wells and accessory crude conditioning plants, including the pipe conveying mineral oil within the oilfields;
(ii) all shafts, in or adjacent to and belonging to a mine, whether in the course of being sunk or not; (iii) all levels and inclined planes in the course of being driven;
(iv) all open cast workings;
(v) all conveyors or aerial ropeways provided for bringing into or removal from a mine of minerals or other articles or for the removal of refuse therefrom;
(vi) all adits, levels, planes, machinery, works, railways, tramways and sidings in or adjacent to and belonging to a mine;
(vii) all protective works being carried out in or adjacent to a mine;
(viii) all workshops and stores situated within the precincts of a mine and under the same management and used primarily for the purposes connected with that mine or a number of mines under the same management;
(ix) all power stations, transformer sub-stations, converter stations, rectifier stations and accumulator storage stations for supplying electricity solely or mainly for the purpose of working the mine or a number of mines under the same management;
(x) any premises for the time being used for depositing sand or other material for use in a mine or for depositing refuse from a mine or in which any operations in connection with such sand refuse or other material is being carried on, being premises exclusively occupied by the owner of the mine; (xi) any premises in or adjacent to and belonging to a mine on which any process ancillary to the getting, dressing or preparation for sale of minerals or coke is being carried on;
(xii) a mine owned by the Government;

(zm) "minerals" means all substances which can be obtained from the earth by mining, digging, drilling, dredging, hydraulicing, quarrying or by any other operation and includes mineral oils (such as natural gas and petroleum);

(zn) "motor transport undertaking" means a motor transport undertaking employing motor transport worker and engaged in carrying passengers or goods or both by road for hire or reward, and includes a private carrier;

(zo) "motor transport worker" means a person who is employed in a motor transport undertaking directly or through an agency, whether for wages or not, to work in a professional capacity on a transport vehicle or to attend the duties in connection with the arrival, departure, loading or unloading of such transport vehicle and includes a driver, conductor, cleaner, station staff, line checking staff, booking clerk, cash clerk, depot clerk, time-keeper, watchman or attendant, but does not include any such person—
(i) who is employed in a factory;lating the conditions of service of persons employed in shops or commercial establishments apply;

(zp) "newspaper" means any printed periodical work containing public news or comments on public news and includes such other class of printed periodical work as may, from time to time, be notified in this behalf by the Central Government;

(zq) "newspaper establishment" means an establishment under the control of any person or body of persons, whether incorporated or not, for the production or publication of one or more newspapers or for conducting any news agency or syndicate and includes following newspaper establishments which shall be deemed to be one establishment, namely:—
(i) two or more newspaper establishments under common control;
(ii) two or more newspaper establishments owned by an individual and his or her spouse unless it is shown that such spouse is a sole proprietor or partner or a shareholder of a corporate body on the basis of his or her own individual funds;
(iii) two or more newspaper establishments publishing newspapers bearing the same or similar title and in the same language in any place in India or bearing the same or similar title but in different languages in the same State or Union territory.
Explanation 1.—For the purposes of sub-clause (i) two or more establishments shall be deemed to be under common control where—
(a) (i) the newspaper establishments are owned by a common individual or individuals;
(ii) the newspaper establishments are owned by firms, if such firms have a substantial number of common partners;
(iii) the newspaper establishments are owned by bodies corporate, if one body corporate is a subsidiary of the other body corporate, or both are subsidiaries of a common holding company or a substantial number of their equity shares are owned by the same person or group of persons, whether incorporated or not;
(iv) one establishment is owned by a body corporate and the other is owned by a firm, if a substantial number of partners of the firm together hold a substantial number of equity shares of the body corporate;
(v) one is owned by a body corporate and the other is owned by a firm having bodies corporate as its partners if a substantial number of equity shares of such bodies corporate are owned, directly or indirectly, by the same person or group of persons, whether incorporated or not, or
(b) there is functional integrality between concerned newspaper establishments. Explanation 2.—For the purposes of this clause,—
(i) different departments, branches and centres of newspaper establishments shall be treated as parts thereof;
(ii) a printing press shall be deemed to be a newspaper establishment if the principal business thereof is to print newspaper;

(zr) "notification" means a notification published in the Gazette of India or the Official Gazette of a State, as the case may be, and the expression "notify" with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly;

(zs) "occupier" of a factory means the person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the factory:
Provided that—
(i) in the case of a firm or other association of individuals, any one of the individual partners or members thereof;
(ii) in the case of a company, any one of the directors, except any independent director within the meaning of sub-section (6) of section 149 of the Companies Act, 2013;
(iii) in the case of a factory owned or controlled by the Central Government or any State Government, or any local authority, the person or persons appointed to manage the affairs of the factory by the Central Government, the State Government or the local authority or such other authority as may be prescribed by the Central Government, shall be deemed to be the occupier: Provided further that in the case of a ship which is being repaired, or on which maintenance work is being carried out, in a dry dock which is available for hire, the owner of the dock shall be deemed to be the occupier for all purposes except the matters as may be prescribed by the Central Government which are directly related to the condition of ship for which the owner of ship shall be deemed to be the occupier;

(zt) "office of the mine" means an office at the surface of the mine concerned;

(zu) "open cast working" means a quarry, that is to say, an excavation where any operation for the purpose of searching for or obtaining minerals has been or is being carried on, not being a shaft or an excavation which extends below superjacent ground;

(zv) "ordinarily employed" with reference to any establishment or part thereof, means the average number of persons employed per day in the establishment or part thereof during the preceding calendar year obtained by dividing the number of man days worked by the number of working days excluding rest days and other non-working days;

(zw) "owner", in relation to a mine, means any person who is the immediate proprietor or lessee or occupier of the mine or of any part thereof and in case of a mine the business whereof is being carried on by a liquidator or receiver, such liquidator or receiver; but does not include a person who merely receives a royalty, rent or fine from the mine, or is merely the proprietor of the mine, subject to any lease grant or licence for the working thereof, or is merely the owner of the soil and not interested in the minerals of the mine; but any contractor or sub-lessee for the working of a mine or any part thereof shall be subject to this Code in like manner as if he were an owner but not so as to exempt the former from any liability;

(zx) "plantation" means—
(a) any land used or intended to be used for—
(i) growing tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona or cardamom which admeasures five hectares or more;
(ii) growing any other plant, which admeasures five hectares or more and in which persons are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months, if, after obtaining the approval of the Central Government, the State Government, by notification, so directs.
Explanation.—Where any piece of land used for growing any plant referred to in this sub-clause admeasures less than five hectares and is contiguous to any other piece of land not being so used, but capable of being so used, and both such pieces of land are under the management of the same employer, then, for the purposes of this sub-clause, the former piece of land shall be deemed to be a plantation, if the total area of both such pieces of land admeasures five hectares or more; and
(b) any land which the State Government may, by notification, declare and which is used or intended to be used for growing any plant referred to in sub-clause (a), notwithstanding that it admeasures less than five hectares: Provided that no such declaration shall be made in respect of such land which admeasures less than five hectares immediately before the commencement of this Code; and (c) offices, hospitals, dispensaries, schools and any other premises used for any purpose connected with any plantation within the meaning of sub-clause (a) and sub-clause (b); but does not include factory on the premises;

(zy) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made by the appropriate Government under this Code;

(zz) "principal employer", where the contract labour is employed or engaged, means—
(i) in relation to any office or Department of the Government or a local authority, the head of that office or Department or such other officer as the Government or the local authority, may specify in this behalf;
(ii) in a factory, the owner or occupier of the factory and where a person has been named as the manager of the factory, the person so named;
(iii) in a mine, the owner or agent of the mine;
(iv) in relation to any other establishment, any person responsible for the supervision and control of the establishment;

(zza) "producer", in relation to audio-visual production, means the company, firm or other person by whom the arrangements necessary for producing such audio-visual (including the raising of finances and engaging audio-visual workers for producing audio-visual) are undertaken.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause, the expressions "company" and "firm" have the same meaning as respectively assigned to them in the Companies Act, 2013 and the Indian Partnership Act, 1932;

(zzb) "qualified medical practitioner" means a medical practitioner who possesses any recognised medical qualification as defined in clause (i) of section 2 of the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 and who is enrolled on a Indian Medical Register as defined in clause (e) and on a State Medical Register as defined in clause (l) of the said section;

(zzc) "railway" means the railway as defined in clause (31) of section 2 of the Railways Act, 1989;

(zzd) "relay" means a set of two or more persons carrying out the same kind of work during different periods of the day and each such period is called a "shift";

(zze) "sales promotion employees" means any person by whatever name called employed or engaged in any establishment for hire or reward to do any work relating to promotion of sales or business, or both, but does not include any such person who,—
(i) being employed or engaged in a supervisory capacity, draws wages exceeding eighteen thousand rupees per mensem or an amount as may be notified by the Central Government from time to time; or
(ii) is employed or engaged mainly in a managerial or administrative capacity.

(zzf) "Schedule" means the Schedule appended to this Code;

(zzg) "serious bodily injury" means any injury which involves, or in all probability will involve, the permanent loss of any part or section of a body or the use of any part or section of a body, or the permanent loss of or injury to the sight or hearing or any permanent physical incapacity or the fracture of any bone or one or more joints or bones of any phalanges of hand or foot;

(zzh) "standards", "regulations", "rules", "bye-laws" and "orders" respectively means standards, regulations, rules, bye-laws and orders made or declared, as the case may be, under this Code;

(zzi) "telecommunication service" means the telecommunication service as defined in clause (k) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997; (zzj) "wages" means all remuneration whether by way of salaries, allowances or otherwise, expressed in terms of money or capable of being so expressed which would, if the terms of employment, express or implied, were fulfilled, be payable to a person employed in respect of his employment or of work done in such employment, and includes,—
(i) basic pay;
(ii) dearness allowance; and
(iii) retaining allowance, if any, but does not include—
(a) any bonus payable under any law for the time being in force, which does not form part of the remuneration payable under the terms of employment;
(b) the value of any house-accommodation, or of the supply of light, water, medical attendance or other amenity or of any service excluded from the computation of wages by a general or special order of the appropriate Government;
(c) any contribution paid by the employer to any pension or provident fund, and the interest which may have accrued thereon;
(d) any conveyance allowance or the value of any travelling concession;
(e) any sum paid to the employed person to defray special expenses entailed on him by the nature of his employment;
(f) house rent allowance;
(g) remuneration payable under any award or settlement between the parties or order of a court or Tribunal;
(h) any overtime allowance;
(i) any commission payable to the employee;
(j) any gratuity payable on the termination of employment;
(k) any retrenchment compensation or other retirement benefit payable to the employee or any ex gratia payment made to him on the termination of employment:
Provided that, for calculating the wages under this clause, if payments made by the employer to the employee under sub-clauses (a) to
(i) exceedsone-half, or such other per cent. as may be notified by the Central Government, of the all remuneration calculated under this clause, the amount which exceeds such one-half, or the per cent. so notified, shall be deemed as remuneration and shall be accordingly added in wages under this clause:
Provided further that for the purpose of equal wages to all genders and for the purpose of payment of wages, the emoluments specified in sub-clauses (d), (f), (g) and (h) shall be taken for computation of wages.
Explanation.—Where an employee is given in lieu of the whole or part of the wages payable to him, any remuneration in kind by his employer, the value of such remuneration in kind which does not exceed fifteen per cent. of the total wages payable to him, shall be deemed to form part of the wages of such employee;

(zzk) "week" means a period of seven days beginning at midnight on Saturday night or such other night as may be approved in writing for a particular area by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator;

(zzl) "worker" means any person employed in any establishment to do any manual, unskilled, skilled, technical, operational, clerical or supervisory work for hire or reward, whether the terms of employment be express or implied, and includes working journalists and sales promotion employees, but does not include any such person—
(i) who is subject to the Air Force Act, 1950, or the Army Act, 1950, or the Navy Act, 1957; or
(ii) who is employed in the police service or as an officer or other employee of a prison; or
(iii) who is employed mainly in a managerial or administrative capacity; or
(iv) who is employed in a supervisory capacity drawing wage exceeding eighteen thousand rupees per month or an amount as may be notified by the Central Government from time to time;

(zzm) "Working Journalist" means a person whose principal avocation is that of a journalist and who is employed as such, either whole-time or part-time, in, or in relation to, one or more newspaper establishment, or other establishment relating to any electronic media or digital media such as newspaper or radio or other likemedia and includes an editor, a leader-writer, news editor, sub-editor, feature-writer, copytester, reporter, correspondent, cartoonist, news-photographer and proof-reader, but does not include any such person who is employed mainly in a managerial, supervisory or administrative capacity;

(2) For the purposes of this Code, a person working or employed in or in connection with mine is said to be working or employed—
(a) "below ground" if he is working or employed—
(i) in a shaft which has been or is in the course being sunk; or
(ii) in any excavation which extends below superjacent ground; and
(b) "above ground" if he is working in an opencast working or in any other manner not specified in clause (a).

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(1) Every employer of any establishment,—
(a) which comes into existence after the commencement of this Code; and
(b) to which this Code shall apply, shall, within sixty days from the date of such applicability of this Code, make an application electronically to the registering officer appointed by the appropriate Government (hereinafter referred to as the registering officer) for the registration of such establishment:
Provided that the registering officer may entertain any such application for registration after the expiry of such period on payment of such late fees as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) Every application under sub-section (1) shall be submitted to the registering officer in such manner, in such form, containing such particulars including the information relating to the employment of inter-State migrant workers and shall be accompanied by such fees as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(3) After the receipt of an application under sub-section (1), the registering officer shall register the establishment and issue a certificate of registration electronically to the employer thereof in such form and within such time and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government:
Provided that if the registering officer fails to register an establishment under the application so made or to entertain the application within the prescribed period, then, such establishment shall be deemed to have been registered under this Code immediately on the expiration of such period and the electronic certificate of registration shall be auto generated and the responsibility of such failure shall be on the registering officer.

(4) Any change in the ownership or management or in any particulars referred to in sub-section (2) which occurs after the registration of an establishment under this Code, shall be intimated by the employer electronically to the registering officer within thirty days of such change in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government and thereafter the registering officer shall make amendment in the certificate of registration electronically in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(5) The employer of an establishment shall, within thirty days of the closing of the establishment— (a) inform the closing of such establishment; and
(b) certify payment of all dues to the workers employed in such establishment, to the registering officer in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government and the registering officer shall, on receiving such information and certificate remove such establishment from the register of establishments maintained by him and cancel the registration certificate of the establishment within sixty days from the receipt of such information :
Provided that if the registering officer fails to cancel the registration certification of the establishment under this sub-section within such sixty days, then, the registration certificate of such establishment shall be deemed to have been cancelled under this Code immediately on the expiration of such period of sixty days and the cancellation of registration certificate shall be auto generated and the responsibility of such failure shall be on the registering officer.

(6) If an employer of an establishment—
(a) has obtained the registration of his establishment by misrepresentation or suppression of any material fact, or
(b) has obtained the registration of his establishment so fraudulently or otherwise that the registration has become useless or ineffective to run the establishment, then, in case of clause (a) such misrepresentation or suppression of any material fact shall be deemed to be the contravention of the provisions of this Code for prosecution of the employer under section 94 without affecting the registration and running of the establishment and in case of clause (b) the registering officer may, after giving an opportunity to the employer of the establishment to be heard, revoke the registration by an order and such process for revocation shall be completed by the registering officer within sixty days from coming into his notice the facts specified in clause (b).

(7) No employer of an establishment who—
(a) has not registered the establishment under this section; or
(b) has not preferred appeal under section 4 against the cancellation of the registration certificate of the establishment under sub-section (5) or revocation of the registration of the establishment under sub-section (6) or the appeal so preferred has been dismissed, shall employ any employee in the establishment.

(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Code, where any establishment, to which this Code applies, has already been registered under any—
(a) Central Labour law; or
(b) any other law which may be notified by the Central Government and which applies to the establishment which is in existence at the time of the commencement of this Code, shall be deemed to have been registered under the provisions of this Code, subject to the condition that the registration holder provides the details of registration to the concerned registering officer within such time and in such form as may be prescribed.

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(1) Any person aggrieved by an order made under section 3 may, within thirty days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to an appellate officer who shall be a person notified in this behalf by the appropriate Government:
Provided that the appellate officer may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if he is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.

(2) On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the appellate officer shall, after giving the appellant an opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal within a period of thirty days from the date of receipt of such appeal.

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(1) No employer of an establishment being factory or mine or relating to contract labour or building or other construction work shall use such establishment to commence the operation of any industry, trade, business, manufacturing or occupation thereon without sending notice of such purpose in such form and manner and to such authority and within such time as may be prescribed and shall also intimate the cessation thereof to the said authority in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) The notice or intimation under sub-section (1) shall be given electronically.

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(1) Every employer shall,—
(a) ensure that workplace is free from hazards which cause or are likely to cause injury or occupational disease to the employees;
(b) comply with the occupational safety and health standards declared under section 18 or the rules, regulations, bye-laws or orders made under this Code;
(c) provide such annual health examination or test free of costs to such employees of such age or such class of employees of establishments or such class of establishments, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(d) provide and maintain, as far as is reasonably practicable, a working environment that is safe and without risk to the health of the employees;
(e) ensure the disposal of hazardous and toxic waste including disposal of e-waste;
(f) issue a letter of appointment to every employee on his appointment in the establishment, with such information and in such form as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government and where an employee has not been issued such appointment letter on or before the commencement of this Code, he shall, within three months of such commencement, be issued such appointment letter;
(g) ensure that no charge is levied on any employee, in respect of anything done or provided for maintenance of safety and health at workplace including conduct of medical examination and investigation for the purpose of detecting occupational diseases;
(h) relating to factory, mine, dock work, building or other construction work or plantation, ensure and be responsible for the safety and health of employees, workers and other persons who are on the work premises of the employer, with or without his knowledge, as the case may be.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of sub-section (1), the duties of an employer shall particularly in respect of factory, mines, dock, building or other construction work or plantation include—
(a) the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work in the workplace that are safe and without risk to health;
(b) the arrangements in the workplace for ensuring safety and absence of risk to health in connection with the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances;
(c) the provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as are necessary to ensure the health and safety of all employees at work;
(d) the maintenance of all places of work in the workplace in a condition that is safe and without risk to health and the provision and maintenance of such means of access to, and egress from, such places as are safe and without such risk;
(e) the provision, maintenance or monitoring of such working environment in the workplace for the employees that is safe, without risk to health as regards facilities and arrangements for their welfare at work.

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(1) The owner and agent of every mine shall jointly and severally be responsible for making financial and other provisions and for taking such other steps as may be necessary for compliance with the provisions of this Code and the rules, regulations, bye-laws and orders made thereunder, relating to mine.

(2) In the event of any contravention by any person whosoever of any of the provisions of this Code or of the rules, regulations, bye-laws or orders made thereunder, relating to mine, except those which specifically require any person to do any act or thing or prohibit any person from doing an act or thing, besides the person who contravenes, then, each of the following persons shall also be deemed to be guilty of such contravention unless he proves that he had used due diligence to secure compliance with the provisions and had taken reasonable means to prevent such contravention, namely:—
(a) the official or officials appointed to perform duties of supervision in respect of the provisions contravened;
(b) the manager of the mine;
(c) the owner and agent of the mine;
(d) the person appointed, if any, to carry out the responsibility under section 24.

(3) It shall not be a defence in any proceedings brought against the owner or agent of a mine under this section that the manager and other officials have been appointed in accordance with the provisions of this Code or that a person to carry the responsibility under section 24 has been appointed.

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(1) Every person who designs, manufactures, imports or supplies any article for use in any establishment shall—
(a) ensure so far as is reasonably practicable, that the article is so designed and constructed in the establishment as to be safe and without risk to the health of the workers when properly used;
(b) carry out or arrange for the carrying out of such tests and examination in the establishment as may be considered necessary for the effective implementation of the provisions of clause (a);
(c) take steps as may be necessary to ensure that adequate information will be available—
(i) in connection with the use of the article in any establishment;
(ii) about the use for which such article is designed and tested; and
(iii) about any conditions necessary to ensure that the article, when put to such use, shall be safe, and without risk to the health of the workers:
Provided that where an article is designed or manufactured outside India, then it shall be obligatory on the part of the importer to see—
(A) that the article conforms to the same standards of such article manufactured in India; or
(B) if the standards adopted in the country outside India for the manufacture of such article is above the standards adopted in India, that the article conforms to such standards in such country;
(C) if there is no standard of such article in India, then, the article conforms to the standard adopted in the country from where it is imported at its national level.

(2) The designer, manufacturer, importer or supplier shall also comply with such duties as the Central Government may, in consultation with the National Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Board referred to in sub-section (1) of section 16, by regulations specify.

(3) Every person, who undertakes to design or manufacture any article and substance for use in any factory, may carry out or arrange for the carrying out of necessary research with a view to the discovery and, so far as is reasonably, practicable, the elimination or minimisation of any risks to the health or safety of the workers to which the design or manufacture of article and substance may give rise to such risk.

(4) Nothing contained in sub-sections (1) and (2) shall be construed to require a person to repeat the testing, examination or research which has been carried out otherwise than by him or at his instance in so far as it is reasonable for him to rely on the results thereof for the purposes of the said sub-sections.

(5) Any duty imposed on any person by sub-sections (1) and (2) shall extend only to things done in the course of business carried on by him and to matters within his control.

(6) Every person,—
(a) who erects or installs any article for use in a factory, shall ensure, so far as practicable, that such article so erected or installed does not make it unsafe or a risk to health when that article is used by the persons in such factory;
(b) who manufactures, imports or supplies any substance for use in any factory shall—
(i) ensure, so far as practicable, that such substance when used in the factory does not make it unsafe or a risk to health of persons working in such factory;
(ii) carry out or arrange for carrying out of such tests and examination in relation to such substance as may be necessary;
(iii) take such steps as are necessary to secure that the information about the results of tests carried out in connection with the use of the substance as referred to in sub-clause (ii) is available in a factory along with conditions necessary to ensure its safe use and no risks to health;
(c) who undertakes the manufacture of any substance for use in any factory shall carry out or arrange for carrying out of any necessary research with a view to discover and, so far as practicable, to ensure the elimination or minimisation of any risks to health or safety to which the substance may give rise out of such manufacture or research;

(7) For the purposes of this section, an article and substance is not to be regarded as properly used, if they are used without regard to any information or advice relating to their use which has been made available by the person who has designed, manufactured, imported or supplied the article and substance.
Explanation.—For the purpose of this section—
(a) "article" shall include plant and machinery;
(b) "substance" means any natural or artificial substance whether in a solid or liquid form or in the form of a gas or vapour; and
(c) "substance for use in any factory" means such substance, whether or not intended for use by persons working in a factory.

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 (1) It shall be the duty of the architect, project engineer or designer responsible for any building or other construction work or the design of any project or part thereof relating to such building or other construction work to ensure that, at the planning stage, due consideration is given to the safety and health aspects of the building workers and employees who are employed in the erection, operation and execution of such projects and structures as the case may be.

(2) Adequate care shall be taken by the architect, project engineer and other professionals involved in the project referred to in sub-section (1), not to include anything in the design which would involve the use of dangerous structures or other processes or materials, hazardous to health or safety of building workers and employees during the course of erection, operation and execution as the case may be.

(3) It shall also be the duty of the professionals, involved in designing the buildings structures or other construction projects, to take into account the safety aspects associated with the maintenance and upkeep of the structures and buildings where maintenance and upkeep may involve such hazards as may be notified by the appropriate Government.

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(1) Where at any place in an establishment, an accident occurs which causes death, or which causes any bodily injury by reason of which the person injured is prevented from working for a period of forty-eight hours or more immediately following the accident or which is of such nature as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government, then,—
(a) employer or owner or agent or manager referred to in section 67 of such establishment if it is mine; or
(b) employer or manager in relation to such establishment if it is factory or relates to dock work; or
(c) the employer of a plantation or an establishment relating to building or other construction or any other establishment, shall send notice thereof to such authorities, in such manner and within such time, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) Where a notice given under sub-section (1) relates to an accident causing death in a plantation or an establishment relating to building or other construction work or any other establishment, the authority to whom the notice is sent shall make an inquiry into the occurrence within two months of the receipt of the notice or if there is no such authority, the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator shall cause the Inspector-cum-Facilitator to make an inquiry within the said period.

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Where in an establishment there is any dangerous occurrence of such nature, (whether causing any bodily injury or disability, or not) the employer shall send notice thereof to such authorities, and in such form and within such time, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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(1) Where any worker in an establishment contracts any disease specified in the Third Schedule, the employer of the establishment shall send notice thereof to such authorities, and in such form and within such time, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) If any qualified medical practitioner attends on a person, who is or has been employed in an establishment, and who is, or is believed by the qualified medical practitioner, to be suffering from any disease specified in the Third Schedule, the medical practitioner shall without delay send a report in writing to the office of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator in such form and manner and within such time as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(3) If any qualified medical practitioner fails to comply with the provisions of sub-section (2), he shall be punishable with penalty which may extend to ten thousand rupees.

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Every employee at workplace shall,—
(a) take reasonable care for the health and safety of himself and of other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at the workplace;
(b) comply with the safety and health requirements specified in the standards;
(c) co-operate with the employer in meeting the statutory obligations of the employer under this Code; (d) if any situation which is unsafe or unhealthy comes to his attention, as soon as practicable, report such situation to his employer or to the health and safety representative and in case of mine, agent or manager referred to in section 67, safety officers or an official for his workplace or section thereof, as the case may be, who shall report it to the employer in the manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(e) not wilfully interfere with or misuse or neglect any appliance, convenience or other thing provided at workplace for the purpose of securing the health, safety and welfare of workers;
(f) not do, wilfully and without reasonable cause, anything, likely to endanger himself or others; and (g) perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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(1) Every employee in an establishment shall have the right to obtain from the employer information relating to employees health and safety at work and represent to the employer directly or through a member of the Safety Committee as constituted under section 22, if constituted by the employer for such purpose, regarding inadequate provision for protection of his safety or health in connection with the work activity in the workplace, and if not satisfied, to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator.

(2) Where the employee referred to in sub-section (1) in any workplace has reasonable apprehension that there is a likelihood of imminent serious personal injury or death or imminent danger to health, he may bring the same to the notice of his employer directly or through a member of the Safety Committee referred to in sub-section (1) and simultaneously bring the same to the notice of the Inspector-cum-Facilitator.

(3) The employer or any employee referred to in sub-section (1) shall take immediate remedial action if he is satisfied about the existence of such imminent danger and send a report forthwith of the action taken to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(4) If the employer referred to in sub-section (3) is not satisfied about the existence of any imminent danger as apprehended by his employees, he shall, nevertheless, refer the matter forthwith to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator whose decision on the question of the existence of such imminent danger shall be final.

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No person shall intentionally or recklessly interfere with, damage or misuse anything which is provided in the interest of health, safety or welfare under this Code.

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(1) The Central Government shall, by notification, constitute the National Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Board (hereinafter in this Code referred to as the National Board) to discharge the functions conferred on it by or under this Code and to advise the Central Government on the matters relating to—
(a) standards, rules and regulations to be declared or framed under this Code;
(b) implementation of the provisions of this Code and the standards, rules and regulations relating thereto;
(c) the issues of policy and programme relating to occupational safety and health referred to it, from time to time, by the Central Government; and
(d) any other matter in respect of this Code referred to it, from time to time, by the Central Government.

(2) The National Board shall consist of—
(a) Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Employment—Chairperson ex officio;
(b) Director General, Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes, Mumbai— Member ex officio;
(c) Director General, Mines Safety, Dhanbad—Member ex officio;
(d) Chief Controller of Explosives, Nagpur—Member ex officio;
(e) Chairman, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi—Member ex officio;
(f) Chief Labour Commissioner (Central), New Delhi—Member ex officio;
(g) Principal Secretaries dealing with labour matters of four States (by rotation as the Central Government may deem fit)—Member ex officio;
(h) Director General, Employees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi— Member ex officio;
(i) Director General, Health Services, New Delhi—Member ex officio;
(j) five representatives of employers—Member ex officio;
(k) five representatives of employees—Member ex-officio;
(l) a representative of professional body associated with the matter for which standards, rules, policies being framed—Member;
(m) five eminent persons connected with the field of Occupational Safety and Health, or representatives from reputed research institutions or similar other discipline—Member;
(n) special invitees from the State Government or the Government of Union territory for seeking inputs in specific matters or industry or sector which is predominant in that State or Union territory—Member;
(o) Joint Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Employment—Member Secretary ex officio.

(3) The terms of office of the Members referred to in clauses (g), (j), (k), (l) and (m) of sub-section (2) shall be of three years and the procedure for their nomination, and discharge of their functions shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(4) The Central Government may, in consultation with the National Board, determine the number, nature and categories of other officers and employees required to assist the National Board in the efficient discharge of its functions and terms and conditions of service of such officers and employees of the National Board shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(5) The Central Government may constitute as many technical committees or advisory committees consisting of such number of members having such qualifications as may be prescribed by the Central Government, to assist the National Board in discharge of its function specified in sub-section (1).

(6) The National Board shall consult the State Governments whose Principal Secretaries are the Members of the National Board as required under clause (g) of sub-section (2) of section 16 and in case of specific issues relating to plantation, factories and like other issues, the State Government concerned may be invited by the National Board as special invitee for obtaining their inputs on such issues.

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(1)The State Government shall constitute a Board to be called the State Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Board (hereinafter referred to as "State Advisory Board") to advise the State Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Code as may be referred to it by the State Government.

(2) The constitution, procedure and other matters relatin. (1)The State Government shall constitute a Board to be called the State Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Board (hereinafter referred to as "State Advisory Board") to advise the State Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Code as may be referred to it by the State Government. 

(3) The State Government may constitute as many technical committees or advisory committees of the State Advisory Board including site appraisal committees, consisting of such number of members and having such qualifications as may be prescribed, to assist the State Government or State Advisory Board in discharge of their functions relating to the area falling within their respective jurisdictions.

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(1) The Central Government shall declare, by notification, standards on occupational safety and health for workplaces relating to factory, mine, dock work, beedi and cigar, building and other construction work and other establishments.

(2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the power to declare standards to be followed under sub-section (1), such standards shall relate to—
(a) physical, chemical, biological and any other hazards to be dealt with for the working life of employee to ensure to the extent feasible on the basis of the best available evidence or functional capacity, that no employee will suffer material impairment of health or functional capacity even if such employee has regular exposure to such hazards;
(b) the norms—
(i) appraising the hazards to employees and users to whom such hazards are exposed;
(ii) relating to relevant symptoms and appropriate energy treatment and proper conditions and precautions of safe use or exposure;
(iii) for monitoring and measuring exposure of employees to hazards;
(iv) for medical examination and other tests which shall be made available, by the employer or at his cost, to the employees exposed to hazards; and
(v) for hazard evaluation procedures like safety audit, hazard and operability study, fault free analysis, event free analysis and such other requirements;
(c) medical examination including criteria for detection and reporting of occupational diseases to be extended to the employees even after he ceases to be in employment, if he is suffering from an occupational disease which arises out of or in the course of employment;
(d) such aspects of occupational safety and health relating to workplaces which the Central Government considers necessary on the report of the authority designated by such Government for such purpose;
(e) such safety and health measures as may be required having regard to the specific conditions prevailing at the workplaces relating to mine, factory, building and other construction work, beedi and cigar, dock work or any other establishments notified; and
(f) matters specified in the Second Schedule to this Code.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 131, the Central Government may, on the basis of the recommendation of the National Board and after notifying its intention so to do for not less than forty-five days, by notification, amend the Second Schedule.

(4) The State Government may, with the prior approval of the Central Government, by notification amend the standards made under sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) for the establishment for which it is the appropriate Government situated in the State.

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It shall be the duty of such institutions in the field of occupational safety and health as the Central or State Government may notify to conduct research, experiments and demonstrations relating to occupational safety and health and thereafter submit their recommendations to the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be:
Provided that the State Government shall consult National Board before notifying conduct of research, experiments and demonstration relating to occupational safety and health.

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(1) At any time during the normal working hours of an establishment or at any other time as he may deem necessary,—
(a) the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator in the case of factory or mine; or
(b) the Director General of Factory Advice Service and Labour Institute in the case of factory; or
(c) the Director General of Mines Safety in the case of mine; or
(d) the Director General of Health Services in the case of factory or mine; or
(e) such other officer as may be authorised by the appropriate Government in the case of any other establishment or class of establishments, after giving notice in writing to the employer, conduct survey of the factory or mine or such other establishment or class of establishments and such employer shall afford all facilities for such survey, including facilities for the examination and testing of plant and machinery and collection of samples and other data relevant to the survey.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression "employer" includes manager for the factory or in the case of any other establishment or class of establishments such person who is for the time being responsible for the safety and the occupational health of such other establishment or class of establishments, as the case may be.

(2) For the purpose of facilitating surveys under sub-section (1) every worker shall, if so required by the person conducting the survey, present himself to undergo such medical examination as may be considered necessary by such person and furnish all information in his possession which is relevant to the survey.

(3) Any time spent by a worker for undergoing medical examination or furnishing information under sub-section (2) shall, for the purpose of calculating wages and extra wages for overtime work, be deemed to be working hour for him.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, the report submitted to the appropriate Government by the person conducting the survey under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be a report submitted by an Inspector-cum-Facilitator under this Code.

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(1) For the purposes of this Code, the Central Government and the State Government shall collect, compile and analyse occupational safety and health statistics in such form and manner as may be prescribed.

(2) The Central Government and the State Governments shall maintain the database or record, for inter-State migrant workers, electronically or otherwise in such portal and in such form and manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:
Provided that an inter-State migrant worker may register himself as an inter-State migrant worker on such portal on the basis of self-declaration and Aadhaar:
Provided further that the workers who have migrated from one State to any other State and are self-employed in that other State may also register themselves on that portal.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression "Aadhaar" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (a) of section 2 of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016.

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(1) The appropriate Government may, by general or special order, require any establishment or class of establishments to constitute in the prescribed manner a Safety Committee consisting of representatives of employers and workers engaged in such establishment in such manner that the number of representatives of workers on the Committee shall not be less than the number of representatives of the employer and the representatives of the workers shall be chosen in such manner and for such purpose as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) In every establishment which is a—
(a) factory wherein five hundred workers or more; or
(b) factory carrying on hazardous process wherein two hundred fifty workers or more; or
(c) building or other construction work wherein two hundred fifty workers or more; or
(d) mine wherein one hundred workers or more, are ordinarily employed, the employer shall also appoint such number of safety officers, who shall possess such qualifications and perform such duties, as may be prescribed by appropriate Government.

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(1) The employer shall be responsible to maintain in his establishment such health, safety and working conditions for the employees as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the power conferred under sub-section (1), the Central Government may prescribe for providing all or any of the following matters in the establishment or class of establishments, namely:—
(i) cleanliness and hygiene;
(ii) ventilation, temperature and humidity;
(iii) environment free from dust, noxious gas, fumes and other impurities;
(iv) adequate standard of humidification, artificially increasing the humidity of the air, ventilation and cooling of the air in work rooms;
(v) potable drinking water;
(vi) adequate standards to prevent overcrowding and to provide sufficient space to employees or other persons, as the case may be, employed therein;
(vii) adequate lighting;
(viii) sufficient arrangement for latrine and urinal accommodation to male, female and transgender employee separately and maintaining hygiene therein;
(ix) effective arrangements for treatment of wastes and effluents; and
(x) any other arrangement which the Central Government considers appropriate.

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(1) The employer shall be responsible to provide and maintain in his establishment such welfare facilities for the employees as may be prescribed by the Central Government, including,—
(i) adequate and suitable facilities for washing to male and female employees separately;
(ii) bathing places and locker rooms for male, female and transgender employees separately;
(iii) place of keeping clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing;
(iv) sitting arrangements for all employees obliged to work in a standing position;
(v) facilities of canteen in an establishment for employees thereof, wherein one hundred or more workers including contract labourers are ordinarily employed;
(vi) in case of mines, medical examination of the employees employed or to be employed in the mines, before their employment and at specific intervals;
(vii) adequate first-aid boxes or cupboards with contents readily accessible during all working hours; and
(viii) any other welfare measures which the Central Government considers, under the set of circumstances, as required for decent standard of life of the employees.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the powers referred to under sub-section (1), the Central Government may also prescribe for the following matters, namely:—
(i) ambulance room in every factory, mine, building or other construction work wherein more than five hundred workers are ordinarily employed;
(ii) medical facilities at the operating centres and halting stations, uniforms, raincoats and other like amenities for protection from rain or cold for motor transport workers;
(iii) adequate, suitable and separate shelters or rest-rooms for male, female and transgender employees and lunch-room in every factory and mine wherein more than fifty workers are ordinarily employed and in motor transport undertaking wherein employee is required to halt at night;
(iv) the appointment of welfare officer in every factory, mine or plantation wherein two hundred and fifty or more workers are ordinarily employed and the qualification, conditions of service and duties of such welfare officer;
(v) for providing by the employer temporary living accommodation, free of charges and within the work site or as near to it as may be possible, to all building workers employed by him and for causing removal or demolition of such temporary living accommodation and for returning by the employer the possession of any land obtained by him for such purpose from Municipal Board or any other local authority;
(vi) for payment by the principal employer the expenses incurred on providing the accommodation to the contractor, where the building or other construction work is done through the contractor;
(vii) any other matter which may be prescribed.

(3) The Central Government may make rules to provide for the facility of creche having suitable room or rooms for the use of children under the age of six years of the employees at suitable location and distance either separately or along with common facilities in establishments wherein more than fifty workers are ordinarily employed:
Provided that an establishment can avail common crèche facility of the Central Government, State Government, municipality or private entity or provided by non-Governmental organisation or by any other organisation or group of establishments may pool their resources for setting up of common crèche in the manner as they may agree for such purpose.

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(1) No worker shall be required or allowed to work, in any establishment or class of establishment for more than—
(a) eight hours in a day; and
(b) the period of work in each day under clause (a) shall be so fixed, as not to exceed such hours, with such intervals and spread overs , as may be notified by the appropriate Government:
Provided that subject to clause (a) in the case of mines,—
(i) the persons employed below ground in a mine shall not be allowed to work for more than such hours as may be notified by the Central Government in any day;
(ii) no work shall be carried on below ground in any mine except by a system of shifts so arranged that the period of work for each shift is not spread over more than the daily maximum hours as notified under clause (i);
(iii) no person employed in a mine shall be allowed to be present in any part of a mine below ground except during the periods of work shown in respect of him in the register maintained under clause (a) of section 33:
Provided further that subject to clause (a) that the hours of work in case of motor transport worker shall include—
(i) the time spent in work done during the running time of the transport vehicle;
(ii) the time spent in subsidiary work; and
(iii) period of mere attendance at terminals of less than fifteen minutes.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section—
(a) "running time" in relation to a working day means the time from the moment a transport vehicle starts functioning at the beginning of the working day until the moment when the transport vehicle ceases to function at the end of the working day, excluding any time during which the running of the transport vehicle is interrupted for a period exceeding such duration as may be prescribed by the Central Government during which period the persons who drive, or perform any other work in connection with the transport vehicle are free to dispose of their time as they please or are engaged in subsidiary work;
(b) "subsidiary work" means the work in connection with a transport vehicle, its passengers or its load which is done outside the running time of the transport vehicle, including in particular—
(i) the work in connection with accounts, paying of cash, signing of registers, handover of service sheets, the checking of tickets and other similar work;
(ii) taking over and garaging of the transport vehicles;
(iii) travelling from the place where a person signs on to the place where he takes over the transport vehicle and from the place where he leaves the transport vehicle to the place where he signs off;
(iv) work in connection with the upkeep and repair of the transport vehicle; and
(v) the loading and unloading of the transport vehicle;
(c) "period of mere attendance" means the period during which a person remains at his post solely in order to reply to possible calls or to resume action at the time fixed in the duty schedule.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the hours of work for working journalist shall, subject to a maximum of one hundred and forty-four hours of work during any period of four consecutive weeks and a period of not less than twenty-four consecutive hours of rest during any period of seven consecutive days, be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (1) and (2), a sales promotion employee or the working journalist,—
(i) in addition to such holidays, casual leave or other kinds of leave as may be prescribed by the Central Government, shall be granted, if requested for—
(a) earned leave on full wages for not less than one-eleventh of the period spent on duty;
(b) leave on medical certificate on one-half of the wages for not less than one-eighteenth of the period of service;
(ii) may accumulate earned leave up to such maximum limit as may be prescribed by the Central Government;
(iii) shall be entitled for the limit up to which the earned leave may be either encashed or availed of at a time by him and the reasons for which such limit may be exceeded shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government;
(iv) shall,—
(a) when he voluntarily relinquishes his post or retires from service; or
(b) when his services are terminated for any reason whatsoever (not being termination as punishment), be entitled to cash compensation, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed by the Central Government (including conditions by way of specifying the maximum period for which such cash compensation shall be payable), in respect of the earned leave earned by him and not availed of;
(v) who dies while in service, his heirs shall be entitled to cash compensation for the earned leave earned by him and not availed of his heirs shall be paid the cash compensation in respect of any period of earned leave for which he or his heirs, is or are entitled to cash compensation under clause (iv) or clause (v), which shall be an amount equal to the wages due to him for such period.

(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, the working hours of an adolescent worker shall be regulated in accordance with the provisions of the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986.

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(1) No worker shall be allowed to work in an establishment for more than six days in any one week: Provided that in any motor transport undertaking, an employer may, in order to prevent any dislocation of a motor transport service, require a worker to work on any day of weekly holiday which is not a holiday so arranged that the worker does not work for more than ten days consecutively without a holiday for a whole day intervening.

(2) The appropriate Government may, by notification, exempt such workers as it thinks fit from the provisions of sub-section (1), subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.

(3) Where, as a result of the passing of an order or the making of a rule under the provisions of this Code exempting an establishment or the workers therein from the provisions of sub-section (1), a worker is deprived of any of the weekly holidays, the worker shall be allowed, within the month in which the holidays were due or within the two months immediately following that month, compensatory holidays of equal number to the holidays, so deprived.

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There shall be paid wages at the rate of twice the rate of wages in respect of overtime work, where a worker works in an establishment or class of establishment for more than such hours of work in any day or in any week as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government and the period of overtime work shall be calculated on a daily basis or weekly basis, whichever is more favourable to such worker: Provided that a worker shall be required to work overtime by the employer subject to the consent of such worker for such work:
Provided further that the appropriate Government may prescribe the total number of hours of overtime.

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Where a worker in an establishment works on a shift which extends beyond midnight,—
(a) for the purposes of section 26, a weekly holiday for a whole day shall mean in his case a period of twenty-four consecutive hours beginning when his shift ends;
(b) the following day for him shall be deemed to be the period of twenty-four hours beginning when such shift ends, and the hours he has worked after midnight shall be counted in the previous day.

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(1) The work shall not be carried on in any establishment by means of a system of shifts so arranged that more than one relay of workers is engaged in work of the same kind at the same time.

(2) The appropriate Government or subject to the approval of the appropriate Government, the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, may, by written order and for the reasons specified therein, exempt on such conditions as may be deemed expedient, any establishment or class of establishments or any department or section of an establishment or any category or description of workers therein from the provisions of sub-section (1):
Provided that the provisions of this sub-section shall not apply to mines. 30. No worker shall be required or allowed to work in a mine or factory if he has already been working in any other such similar establishment within the preceding twelve hours, save in such circumstances as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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No worker shall be required or allowed to work in a mine or factory if he has already been working in any other such similar establishment within the preceding twelve hours, save in such circumstances as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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(1) There shall be displayed and correctly maintained in every establishment a notice of periods of work, showing clearly for every day the periods during which workers may be required to work in accordance with the provisions of this Code.

(2) The form of notice required by sub-section (1), the manner of display of such notice and the manner in which such notice shall be sent to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator shall be such as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(3) Any proposed change in the system of work in any establishment which will necessitate a change in the notice referred to in sub-section (1) shall be intimated to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator before the change is made, and except with the previous sanction of the Inspector-cum-Facilitator, no such change shall be made until one week has elapsed since that last change.

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(1) Every worker employed in an establishment shall be entitled for leave in a calendar year with wages subject to the following conditions, namely:—
(i) that he has worked one hundred and eighty days or more in such calendar year;
(ii) that he shall be entitled for one-day leave for every twenty days of his work, in the case of adolescent worker for fifteen days of his work, and in case of worker employed below ground mine, at the rate of one day for every fifteen days of his work, in such calendar year;
(iii) any period of layoff, maternity leave or annual leave availed by such worker in such calendar year shall be counted for calculating the period of one hundred and eighty days or more under clause (i), but he shall not earn leave for the period so counted;
(iv) any holidays falling between the leave availed by such worker (in a calendar year or prefixed or suffixed holiday) shall be excluded from the period of leave so availed;
(v) in case of such worker whose service commences otherwise than on the first day of January shall be entitled to leave with wages at the rate specified in clause (ii), if he has worked for one-fourth of the total number of days in the remainder of the calendar year;
(vi) in case such worker is discharged or dismissed from service or quits employment or is superannuated or dies while in service, during the course of the calendar year, such worker or his heir or nominee, shall be entitled to wages in lieu of the quantum of leave to which such worker was entitled immediately before his discharge, dismissal, quitting of employment, superannuation or death, calculated as specified in preceding clauses, even if such worker has not worked for the required period under this sub-section making such worker eligible to avail such leave, and such payment shall be made—
(a) where such worker is discharged or dismissed or quits employment before the expiry of the second working day from the date of such discharge, dismissal or quitting; and
(b) where such worker is superannuated or dies while in service, before the expiry of two months from the date of such superannuation or death;
(vii) if such worker does not in any one calendar year take the whole of the leave allowed to him under this sub-section and the rules made thereunder, then, any leave not taken by him shall be added to the leave to be allowed to him in the succeeding calendar year so that—
(a) the total number of days of leave that may be carried forward to a succeeding year shall not exceed thirty days; and
(b) such worker, who has applied for leave with wages but has not been given such leave in accordance with this sub-section and the rules made thereunder shall be entitled to carry forward the leave refused without any limit;
(viii) without prejudice to clause (vi) such worker shall be entitled on his demand for encashment of leave at the end of calendar year;
(ix) such worker shall be entitled, where his total number of leave exceeds thirty days under sub-clause (a) of clause (vii), to encash such exceeded leave.

(2) The appropriate Government may, by notification, extend the provisions of sub-section (1) to any other establishment except railway establishment.

(3) The provisions of sub-section (1) shall not operate to the prejudice of any right to which a person employed in a mine may be entitled under any other law or under the terms of any award, agreement or contract of service:
Provided that if such award, agreement or contract of service, provides for longer annual leave with wages than that provided in sub-section (1), the quantum of leave, which the person employed shall be entitled to, shall be in accordance with such award, agreement or contract of service but leave shall be regulated in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) with respect of matters not provided for in such award, agreement or contract of service:
Provided further that where the Central Government is satisfied that the leave rules applicable to persons employed in any mine provide benefits which in its opinion are not less favourable than those provided for in sub-section (1) it may, by order in writing and subject to such conditions as may be specified therein exempt the mine from all or any of the provisions of sub-section (1).

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An employer of an establishment shall—
(a) maintain register in prescribed form, electronically or otherwise, containing such particulars of workers as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government including,—
(i) work performed by them;
(ii) number of hours of work constituting normal working hours in a day;
(iii) day of rest allowed in every period of seven days;
(iv) wage paid and receipts given therefor;
(v) leave, leave wages, overtime work, attendance and dangerous occurrences; and
(vi) employment of adolescent;
(b) display notices at the work place of the workers in such manner and form as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(c) issue wage slips to the workers, in electronic forms or otherwise; and
(d) file such return electronically or otherwise to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator in such manner and during such periods as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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(1) The appropriate Government may, by notification, appoint Inspector-cumFacilitators for the purposes of this Code who shall exercise the powers conferred on them under this Code throughout their respective jurisdiction specified in the notification.

(2) The Inspector-cum-Facilitators appointed under sub-section (1) shall, apart from other duties to be discharged by them under this Code, conduct such inspections as specified in sub-section (3).

(3) The appropriate Government may—
(i) for the purposes of inspection referred to in sub-section (2), by notification, lay down an inspection scheme which may provide for the generation of web-based inspection and calling of information under this Code, electronically and such scheme shall, inter alia, have provisions to cater to special circumstances for assigning inspection and calling for information from establishment or any other person besides web-based inspections; and
(ii) without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (2), by notification, under the scheme, provide for the randomised selection of establishment and the Inspector-cum-Facilitator for inspection.

(4) Without prejudice to the powers of the appropriate Government under this section, the inspection scheme referred to in sub-section (3) may be designed taking into account, inter alia, the following factors, namely:—
(a) assignment of unique number, to each establishment (which will be same as the registration number allotted to the establishment registered under section 3), unique number to each Inspector-cum-Facilitator and to each inspection in such manner as may be notified by the appropriate Government;
(b) timely uploading of inspection reports in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be notified in the scheme;
(c) provisions for special inspections based on such parameters as may be notified by the appropriate Government; and
(d) the characteristics of employment, the nature of work, and characteristics of the workplaces based on such parameters as may be notified by the appropriate Government.

(5) The appropriate Government may, by notification, appoint any person or persons possessing the prescribed qualifications and experience to be Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator for the purposes of such establishments or class of establishments and for such local limits of jurisdiction as may be specified in the notification:
Provided that a Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator may be appointed for the purposes of a State or more than one States or for the purposes of the whole of the Country.

(6) The appropriate Government may, by notification, appoint for the purposes of establishments as may be notified by that Government, as many Additional Chief Inspector cum-Facilitators, Joint Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitators and Deputy Chief Inspector-cum Facilitators or any other officer of any designation as it thinks appropriate, to exercise such powers of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator within his jurisdiction, as may be specified in the notification.

(7) Every Additional Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, Joint Chief Inspector-cumFacilitator, Deputy Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator and every other officer appointed under sub-section (6) shall, in addition to the powers of a Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator specified in the notification by which the officer is appointed, exercise the powers of an Inspectorcum-Facilitator within such local limits as may be specified in the notification.

(8) No person shall be appointed under this section or having been so appointed, shall continue to hold office, who is, or who becomes, directly or indirectly interested in a workplace or work activity or in any process or business carried on in any workplace or in any plant or machinery connected therewith.

(9) The appropriate Government may also, by notification, appoint such public officers as it thinks fit to be Inspector-cum-Facilitators in addition to existing Inspector-cum-Facilitator for exercising the powers and discharging the duties of Inspector-cum-Facilitator for all or any of the purposes of this Code within such local limits as may be specified in such notification.

(10) Without prejudice to the other functions of the Inspector-cum-Facilitator under this Code, an Inspector-cum-Facilitator may in respect of any establishment or class of establishments in local area or areas of his jurisdiction where the Chief Inspector-cumFacilitator with the approval of the appropriate Government and subject to such restrictions or conditions as he may think fit to impose, by order in writing authorise the Inspector-cumFacilitator to exercise such of the powers of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator as may be specified in such order:
Provided that the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, with the approval of the appropriate Government, may by order in writing, prohibit the exercise, by any Inspector-cum- Facilitator or any class of Inspector-cum-Facilitators specified in such order, of any such power by such Inspector-cum-Facilitator or class of Inspector-cum-Facilitators.

(11) Every Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, Additional Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, Joint Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, Deputy Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, Inspectorcum-Facilitator and every other officer appointed under this section shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code, and shall be officially subordinate to such authority as the appropriate Government may specify in this behalf.

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(1) Subject to any rules made in this behalf, an Inspector-cum-Facilitator may—
(i) enter, with such assistance of persons, being persons in the service of the Government, or any local or other public authority, or with an expert, as he thinks fit, any place which is used, or which he has reason to believe, is used as a work place;
(ii) inspect and examine the establishment, any premises, plant, machinery, article, or any other relevant material;
(iii) inquire into any accident or dangerous occurrence, whether resulting in bodily injury, disability or death or not and take on the spot or otherwise statement of any person which he may consider necessary for such inquiry;
(iv) subject to any rules made by the State Government in this behalf, within his jurisdiction, examine the crops grown in any plantation or any worker employed therein or require the production of any register or other document maintained in pursuance of this Code, and take on the spot or otherwise statement of any person which he may consider necessary for carrying out the purposes of this Code relating to plantation;
(v) supply information and sensitise the employers and workers regarding the provisions of this Code and compliance thereof;
(vi) require the production of any register or any other document relating to the workplace or work activity;
(vii) search or seize, or take copies of, any register, record or other document or any portion thereof, as he may consider necessary in respect of any offence under this Code, which he has reason to believe, has been committed;
(viii) direct the concerned occupier or employer that any premises or any part thereof, or anything lying therein, shall be left undisturbed (whether generally or in particular respects) for so long as is necessary for the purpose of any inspection or inquiry;
(ix) take measurements, photographs and videographs and make such recordings as he considers necessary for the purpose of any examination or inquiry;
(x) take samples of any articles or substances found in any establishment or premises into which he has power to enter and of the air of the atmosphere in or in the vicinity of any such establishment or premises in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(xi) in case of any article or substance found in any establishment or premises, being an article or substance which appears to him as having caused or is likely to cause danger to the health and safety of the employees, direct it to be dismantled or subject it to any process or test (but not so as to damage or destroy it unless the same is, in the circumstances necessary, for carrying out the purposes of any provision of this Code) and take possession of any such article or substance or a part thereof, and detain it for so long as is necessary for such examination;
(xii) issue show cause notice relating to safety, health and welfare provisions arising under this Code, rules, regulations and bye-laws made thereunder;
(xiii) prosecute, conduct or defend before any court any complaint or other proceeding arising under this Code, the rules and regulations made thereunder; and
(xiv) exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) Any person required to produce any document or to give any information required by an Inspector-cum-Facilitator under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be legally bound to do so within the meaning of section 175 and section 176 of the Indian Penal Code.

(3) The provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, shall, so far as may be, apply to such search or seizure under sub-section (1) as they apply to any search or seizure made under the authority of a warrant issued under section 94 of the said Code.

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The District Magistrate shall, within the local limits of his jurisdiction, exercise such powers and duties of the Inspector-cum-Facilitator in respect of mines as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

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 (1) The appropriate Government may, by notification, formulate a scheme to empanel experts possessing such qualifications and experience as may be prescribed for the purpose of such start-up establishments or class of establishments, as may be specified in the notification.

(2) The experts empanelled under sub-section (1), shall,—
(a) be assigned the third party audit and certification in a randomised manner, by the appropriate Government through a web-based scheme;
(b) carry out the audit and certification in the manner and for the purpose specified in the scheme referred to in sub-section (1);
(c) perform such duties as may be specified in such scheme and submit his report to the concerned employer and to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator.

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(1) Without prejudice to the other powers of an Inspector-cum-Facilitator in this Code, an Inspector-cum-Facilitator,—
(A) shall have the following special powers in respect of a factory, namely:—
(a) where it appears to the Inspector-cum-Facilitator that conditions in a factory or part thereof are such that they may cause serious hazard or imminent danger by way of injury or death to the persons employed therein or to the general public in the vicinity, he may, by order in writing to the occupier of the factory, state the particulars in respect of which he considers the factory or part thereof to be the cause of such serious hazard or imminent danger and prohibit such occupier from employing any person in the factory or any part thereof other than the minimum number of persons necessary to attend to the minimum tasks till the hazard or danger is removed;
(b) any order issued by the Inspector-cum-Facilitator under sub-clause (a) shall have effect for a period of three days until extended by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator by a subsequent order;
(c) any person aggrieved by an order of the Inspector-cum-Facilitator under sub-clause (a), and the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator under sub-clause (b), shall have the right to appeal to the High Court;
(d) any person whose employment has been affected by an order issued under sub-clause (a), shall, without prejudice to the rights of the parties under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, be entitled to wages and other benefits and it shall be the duty of the occupier to provide alternative employment to him wherever possible in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(B) shall have the following special powers in respect of mines, namely:—
(a) if, in respect of any matter for which no express provision is made by or under this Code, it appears to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or an Inspector-cum-Facilitator that any mine or part thereof or any matter, thing or practice in or connected with the mine, or with the control, supervision, management or direction thereof, is dangerous to human life or safety or is defective so as to threaten or tend to cause, the bodily injury of any person, he may give notice in writing thereof to the employer of the mine stating therein the particulars in respect of which he considers the mine or part thereof or the matter, thing or practice to be dangerous or defective and require the same to be remedied within such time and in such manner as he may specify in the notice;
(b) where the employer of a mine fails to comply with the terms of a notice given under sub-clause (a) within the period specified therein, the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cum-Facilitator may, by order in writing, prohibit the employment in or about the mine or any part thereof of any person whose employment is not in his opinion reasonably necessary for securing compliance with the terms of the notice;
(c) without prejudice to the provisions contained in sub-clause (a), the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cum-Facilitator may, by order in writing addressed to the employer of a mine, prohibit the extraction or reduction of pillars or blocks of minerals in the mine or part thereof, if, in his opinion, such operation is likely to cause the crushing of pillars or blocks of minerals or the premature collapse of any part of the workings or otherwise endanger the mine or the life or safety of persons employed therein or if, in his opinion, adequate provision against the outbreak of fire or flooding has not been made by providing for the sealing off and isolation of the part of the mine in which such operation is contemplated and for restricting the area that might be affected by fire or flooding;
(d) if the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or an Inspector-cum-Facilitator authorised, by general or special order in writing by the Chief Inspector-cumFacilitator, is of opinion that there is urgent and immediate danger to the life or safety of any person employed in any mine or part thereof, he may, by order in writing containing a statement of the grounds of his opinion, prohibit until he is satisfied that the danger is removed, the employment in or about the mine or any part thereof of any person whose employment is not in his opinion reasonably necessary for the purpose of removing the danger;
(e) every person whose employment is prohibited under sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (d) shall be entitled to payment of full wages for the period for which he would have been, but for the prohibition, in employment and the employer shall be liable for payment of such full wages of that person:
Provided that the employer may instead of paying such full wages provide such person with an alternative employment at the same wages which such person was receiving in the employment which was prohibited;
(f) where a notice has been given under sub-clause (a) or an order is made under sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (c) or sub-clause (d) by an Inspector-cum-Facilitator, the employer of the mine may, within ten days after the receipt of the notice or order, as the case may be, appeal against the same to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator who may confirm, modify or cancel the notice or order;
(g) the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cum-Facilitator sending a notice under sub-clause (a) or making an order under sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (c) or sub-clause (d) and the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator making an order (other than an order of cancellation in appeal) under sub-clause (f) shall forthwith report the same to the Central Government;
(h) if the employer of the mine objects to a notice sent under sub-clause (a) by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cumFacilitator or to an order made by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cum-Facilitator under sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (c) or sub-clause (d) or sub-clause (f), as the case may be, he may, within twenty days after the receipt of the notice containing the requisition or of the order or after the date of the decision on appeal, as the case may be, send his objection in writing stating the grounds thereof to the Central Government which shall, ordinarily within a period of one month from the date of receipt of the objection, decide the matter; (i) every notice under sub-clause (a), or order under sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (c) or sub-clause (d) or sub-clause (f), to which objection is made under sub-clause (h), shall be complied with, pending the objection with the concerned Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or Inspector-cum-Facilitator of the mine, for the decision of the Central Government:
Provided that the Central Government may, on the application of the employer, suspend the operation of a notice under sub-clause (a), pending its decision on the objection;
(j) nothing in this section shall affect the powers of a magistrate under section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973;
(k) where in respect of any matter relating to safety of mine for which express provision is made by or under this Code, the employer of a mine fails to comply with such provisions, the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator may give notice in writing requiring the same to be complied with within such time as he may specify in the notice or within such extended period of time as he may, from time to time, specify thereafter;
(l) where the employer fails to comply with the terms of a notice given under sub-clause (k) within the period specified in such notice or within the extended period of time specified under that sub-clause, the Chief Inspectorcum-Facilitator may, by order in writing, prohibit the employment, in or about the mine or any part thereof, of any person whose employment is not, in his opinion, reasonably necessary for securing compliance with the terms of the notice;
(m) every person whose employment is prohibited under sub-clause (l), shall be entitled to payment of full wages for the period for which he would have been, but for the prohibition, in employment, and the owner, agent or manager referred to in section 67 shall be liable for payment of such full wages of that person:
Provided that the employer may, instead of paying such full wages, provide such person with an alternative employment at the same wages which such person was receiving in the employment which was prohibited under sub-clause (l);
(n) the provisions of sub-clauses (g), (h) and (i) shall apply in relation to a notice issued under sub-clause (k) or an order made under sub-clause (l) as they apply in relation to a notice or an order under sub-clause (b);
(o) the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, reverse or modify any order passed by him under this Code or under any regulation, rule or bye-law made thereunder in relation to mine;
(p) no order prejudicial to the owner, agent or manager of a mine shall be made under this section unless such owner, agent or manager has been given a reasonable opportunity of making representation;
(q) the Central Government may reverse or modify any order passed by Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator under this Code or under any regulation, rule or bye-laws thereunder in relation to mine; (C) shall have the following special powers in respect of dock work namely:—
(a) if it appears to an Inspector-cum-Facilitator that any place where any dock work is being carried on is in such a condition that it is dangerous to life, safety or health, of workers employed in dock work, he may, in writing, serve on the employer, an order prohibiting any dock work, in such place, until measures have been taken to remove the cause of the danger to his satisfaction;
(b) an Inspector-cum-Facilitator after serving an order under clause (a) shall endorse a copy thereof to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator who may modify or cancel the order without waiting for an appeal;
(c) any person aggrieved by an order under clause (a) or clause (b) may, within fifteen days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or where such order is by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, to the Central Government and the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Central Government shall, after giving the appellant an opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal within sixty days:
Provided that the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Central Government may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of fifteen days, if he or it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time:
Provided further that an order under clause (a) or an order modified under clause (b) shall be complied with, pending the decision of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Central Government.

(2) Without prejudice to the other powers of an Inspector-cum-Facilitator elsewhere in this Code,— (a) if it appears to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or Inspector-cum-Facilitator that any site or place at which any building or other construction work is being carried on, is in such condition that it is dangerous to life, safety or health of building workers or the general public, he may, in writing serve, on the employer of building workers working at such site or place or on the employer of the establishment in which such site or place is situated or on the person in charge of such site or place, an order prohibiting any building or other construction work at such site or place until measures have been taken to remove the cause of the danger to his satisfaction;
(b) an Inspector-cum-Facilitator serving an order under clause (a) shall endorse a copy of the order to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator;
(c) such prohibition order made by the Inspector-cum-Facilitator shall be complied with by the employer forthwith.

(3) Any person aggrieved by an order under clause (a) of sub-section (2), may, within fifteen days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or where such order is by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator, to the appropriate Government and the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the appropriate Government, as the case may be, shall, after giving the appellant an opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal within sixty days:
Provided that the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the appropriate Government may, entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of fifteen days if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time:
Provided further that the order under clause (a) of sub-section (2), shall be complied with, subject to the decision of the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the appropriate Government as the case may be.

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(1) All copies of, and extracts from, registers or other records pertaining to any establishment and all other information relating to any manufacturing or commercial business or any working process acquired by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or an Inspectorcum-Facilitator or by any one assisting him, in the course of the inspection or survey of any establishment under this Code or acquired by any officer authorised under section 20 in the exercise of his duties thereunder, shall be regarded as confidential and shall not, while in service or after leaving the service, be disclosed to any person or authority unless the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or the Inspector-cum-Facilitator considers disclosure necessary to ensure the health, safety or welfare of any person employed in establishment.

(2) Nothing in sub-section (1) shall apply to the disclosure of any such information to—
(a) any court;
(b) any Committee or Board constituted under this Code;
(c) an official superior or the employer of the establishment concerned;
(d) a Commissioner for employees compensation appointed under the Employees Compensation Act, 1923;
(e) the Controller, Indian Bureau of Mines; and
(f) any such officer, authority or authorised person as may be specified in this behalf by the appropriate Government.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Right to Information Act, 2005, no Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator or Inspector-cum-Facilitator shall disclose the source of any complaint, made to him regarding the contravention of the provisions of this Code without the consent of the complainant and shall also not while making an inspection under this Code in pursuance of such complaint, disclose to the employer concerned or any of his representative that the inspection is being made in pursuance of such complaint.

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Every employer of an establishment shall afford the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator and every Inspector-cum-Facilitator having jurisdiction or every person authorised by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator all reasonable facilities for making any entry, inspection, survey, measurement, examination or inquiry under this Code.

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(1) The appropriate Government may appoint medical practitioners having prescribed qualification to be medical officers for the purposes of this Code in relation to factory, mines, plantation, motor transport undertakings and in any other establishment as may be prescribed: Provided that the medical officers so appointed shall before entering into their office shall disclose to the appropriate Government their interest in the concerned establishment.

(2) The medical officer shall perform the following duties, namely:—
(a) the examination and certification of workers in a mine or factory or in such other establishment engaged in such dangerous occupations or processes as may be prescribed;
(b) the exercise of such medical supervision for any factory, mines, plantation, motor transport undertaking and for such other establishment as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government where cases of illness have occurred which it is reasonable to believe are due to the nature of any process carried on or other conditions of work prevailing in such establishments;
(c) the examination and certification of adolescent for the purpose of ascertaining his fitness for employment in factory, plantation, motor transport undertakings and in any other establishment as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government in any work which is likely to cause injury to their health.

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Women shall be entitled to be employed in all establishments for all types of work under this Code and they may also be employed, with their consent before 6 a.m. and beyond 7 p.m. subject to such conditions relating to safety, holidays and working hours or any other condition to be observed by the employer as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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Where the appropriate Government considers that the employment of women is dangerous for their health and safety, in an establishment or class of establishments or in any particular hazardous or dangerous processes in such establishment or class of establishments, due to the operation carried out therein, such Government may in the prescribed manner, require the employer to provide adequate safeguards prior to the employment of women for such operation.

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(1) This Part shall apply to—
(i) every establishment in which fifty or more contract labour are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months through contract; 
(ii) every manpower supply contractor who has employed, on any day of the preceding twelve months, fifty or more contract labour.

(2) This Part shall not apply to the establishment in which work only of an intermittent or casual nature is performed:
Provided that if a question arises as to whether work performed in an establishment is of an intermittent or casual nature, the appropriate Government shall decide that question after consultation with the National Board or a State Advisory Board and its decision thereon shall be final.
Explanation.—For the purpose of this sub-section, work performed in an establishment shall not be deemed to be of an intermittent nature—
(i) if it was performed for more than one hundred and twenty days in the preceding twelve months; or (ii) if it is of seasonal character and is performed for more than sixty days in a year. 

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The appropriate Government may, by an order, appoint such persons, being Gazetted officers of the Government, as it thinks fit to be designated as authority under sub-section (1) of section 119 and specify the limits of their jurisdiction and vest with such powers and duties including dealing with issuance and revocation of licences electronically as may be specified therein.

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(1) No contractor to whom this Part applies shall—
(a) supply or engage contract labour in any establishment; or
(b) undertake or execute the work through contract labour, except under and in accordance with a licence issued to him by the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 in accordance with the provisions of that section after satisfying that the contractor fulfills such requisite qualifications or criteria as may be prescribed by the Central Government and such licence shall, in addition to the requisite particulars and conditions specified in sub-section (3), specify the number of such contract labour who can be supplied or engaged and the amount of security to be deposited by the contractor.

(2) Where the contractor does not fulfil the requisite qualifications or criteria referred to in sub-section (1), the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 may issue him a "work specific licence" electronically renewable within such period as may be prescribed by the Central Government to supply or engage the contract labour, or execute the work through contract labour, only for the concerned work order as may be specified in such licence and subject to such conditions as may be specified in such licence.

(3) Subject to the provisions of this Part,—
(a) a licence under sub-section (1) may contain such conditions including, in particular, conditions as to hours of work, fixation of wages and other essential amenities in respect of contract labour as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;
(b) the licence referred to in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), shall be obtained from, if for such establishment the appropriate Government is—
(i) the Central Government, the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 designated by that Government; and
(ii) the State Government, the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 designated by that Government:
Provided that where the contractor is desirous of obtaining licence for supplying or engaging contract labour or undertaking or executing the contract works under sub-section (1) or sub- section (2) in more than one States or for the whole of India, then, he may obtain the licence from the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 designated by the Central Government for such purpose and the provisions of that section shall apply:
Provided further that before issuing such licence the authority referred to in the first proviso shall consult the concerned State or States authorities designated under sub-section (1) of section 119, electronically before issuing licence for the establishments for which the appropriate Government is the State Government.

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(1) Subject to the provisions of section 119, every application for issuing a licence under section 119 for the purposes of sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of section 47 shall be made electronically in such form and manner and shall contain such particulars regarding the number of contract labour, nature of work for which contract labour is to be employed and such other particulars including the information relating to the employment of inter-State migrant workers as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) Subject to the provisions of section 119, the authority referred to in sub-section (1) thereof shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(3) Subject to the provisions of section 119, the licence issued for the purposes of sub-section (1) of section 47 shall be valid for a period of five years in respect of the number of contract labour specified therein and in case the contractor wants to increase the number of the contract labour, he shall apply in the prescribed manner for the amendment to the licence for such purpose to the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section119 and if the licence is so amended, the number of contract labour shall be increased to such extent by depositing such security deposit as specified in the amended licence for the balance period.

(4) Subject to the provisions of section 119, the licence issued for the purposes of sub-section (1) of section 47 shall contain responsibility of the contractor as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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The contractor shall not charge directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, any fee or commission from the contract labour.

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(1) When a contractor receives work order from an establishment either to supply contract labour in the establishment or to execute the contract through contract labour in the establishment he shall, within such time and in such manner as may be prescribed, intimate to the authority referred to in section 119.

(2) Where the contractor fails to give intimation under sub-section (1), the designated authority may, after giving the holder of the licence an opportunity of showing cause, suspend or cancel the licence in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

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(1) If the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 is satisfied, either on a reference made to him in this behalf or otherwise, that—
(a) a licence granted for the purposes of this Part has been obtained by misrepresentation or suppression of any material fact, or
(b) the holder of a licence has, failed to comply with the conditions subject to which the licence has been granted or has contravened any of the provisions of this Part or the rules made thereunder, then, without prejudice to any other penalty to which the contractor may be liable under this Code, the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 may, after giving the contractor an opportunity of showing cause, revoke or suspend the licence in accordance with the procedure as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(2) Subject to any rules that may be made in this behalf, the authority referred to in sub-section (1) of section 119 may amend a licence granted for the purposes of this Part.

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(1) Any person aggrieved by an order made under section 47, section 48 or section 51 may, within thirty days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to an appellate authority prescribed by the appropriate Government under sub-section (6) of section 119:
Provided that the appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if he is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.

(2) On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the appellate authority shall, after giving the appellant an opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal within thirty days from the date on which the appeal is preferred.

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Welfare facilities specified under section 23 and section 24 shall be provided by the principal employer of the establishment to the contract labour who are employed in such establishment.

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Where any principal employer of an establishment is employing contract labour through a contractor who is required to obtain a licence under this Part, but he has not obtained such licence, then, such employment shall be deemed to be in contravention of the provision of this Code.

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(1) A contractor shall be responsible for payment of wages to each contract labour employed by him and such wages shall be paid before the expiry of such period as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(2) Every contractor shall, make the disbursement of wages referred to in sub-section (1) through bank transfer or electronic mode and inform the principal employer electronically the amount so paid by such mode: Provided that where it is not practicable to disburse payment in the mode specified in this section, then, the payment shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

(3) In case the contractor fails to make payment of wages referred to in sub-section (1) within the prescribed period or makes short payment, then, the principal employer shall be liable to make payment of the wages in full or the unpaid balance due, as the case may be, to the concerned contract labour employed by the contractor and recover the amount so paid from the contractor either by deduction from any amount payable to the contractor under any contract or as a debt payable by the contractor.

(4) The appropriate Government, in the event the contractor does not pay the wages to the contract labour employed by him, shall pass the orders of making payment of such wages from the amount deposited by such contractor as security deposit under the licence issued by the licensing officer to the contractor, in such manner as may be prescribed by such Government.

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Every concerned contractor shall issue, on demand, experience certificate, in such form as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government, to the contract labour giving details of the work performed by such contract labour.

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 (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Part, employment of contract labour in core activities of any establishment is prohibited: Provided that the principal employer may engage contract labour through a contractor to any core activity, if—
(a) the normal functioning of the establishment is such that the activity is ordinarily done through contractor; or
(b) the activities are such that they do not require full time workers for the major portion of the working hours in a day or for longer periods, as the case may be;
(c) any sudden increase of volume of work in the core activity which needs to be accomplished in a specified time.

(2) (a) The appropriate Government may, by notification, appoint a designated authority to advise that Government on the question whether any activity of an establishment is a core activity or otherwise;
(b) if a question arises as to whether any activity of an establishment is a core activity or otherwise, the aggrieved party may make an application in such form and manner as may be prescribed, to the appropriate Government for decision;
(c) the appropriate Government may refer any such question suo motu or refer the application to the designated authority, which on the basis of relevant material in its possession, or after making such an enquiry as it deems fit, shall report to the appropriate Government, within such period and thereafter the appropriate Government shall decide the question within such period as may be prescribed.

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The appropriate Government may, in the case of an emergency, direct, by notification, that subject to such conditions and restrictions, if any, and for such period, as may be specified in the notification, all or any of the provisions of this Code or the rules made thereunder shall not apply to any establishment or class of establishments or any class of contractors.

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