(1) These Rules may be called the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules, 1955.
(2) They extend to the whole of India
(3) The rules other than those contained in Part III, Appendix 'B' Item A. 12 Margarine, Part VI and Part VII shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official Gazettee, the rules contained in Part III, appendix 'B' Items A. 12 - Margarine, shall come into force on the first day of June, 1956 and the rules contained in Part VI and Part VII shall come into force on 3 (the first of December, 1956].

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(a) "Act" means the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (37 of 1954);
(b) " Director" means the Director of the Laboratory;
(c) "Laboratory" means Central Food Laboratory;
(d) "Form" means a Form set forth in Appendix A to these rules;
(da) "infant" means a child not more than twelve months of age;
(db) "infant food" means any food (by whatever name called) being marketed or otherwise represented as complement to mother's milk to meet the growing nutritional needs of infant after age of four months;
(dc) " infant milk substitute" means any food being marketed or otherwise represented as partial or total re-placement for mother's milk, whether or not it is suitable for such replacement".
(e) " Local Authority" means :-
(i) in the case of sea ports, the health Officer as defined in the Indian Port Health Rules, 1955, in respect of that portion of local areas falling within the jurisdiction of the ports;
(ii) In the case of airports, the Health Officer as defined in the Indian Aircrafts (Public Health) Rules, 1954, in respect of that portion of the local areas falling within the jurisdiction of the airport.
(iii) In the case of all railway stations or gr oups of railway stations (including any railway colony, office, yard, goods -shed, transshipment shed, workshop and other works owned and maintained by the Railway Administration for the purpose or in connection with Railways) the Medical Superintendent /
Divisional Medical Officer of the Railways in respect of that portion of the local area falling within the jurisdiction of the said railway station or group of
railway stations.
(iv) in the case of an ordnance factory or equipment factory, the General Manager of such factory or equipment factory or both.

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3. Functions :- (1) In addition to the functions entrusted to the Laboratory by the Act, the Laboratory shall carry out the following functions, namely :-
(a) Analyses of samples of food sent by any officer or authority authorized by the Central Government for the purpose and submission of the certificate of analysis to the authorities concerned.
(b) Investigations for the purpose of fixation of standard of any article of food.
(c) Investigation, in collaboration with the laboratories of Public Analysts in the various States and such other laboratories and institutions which the Central
Government may approve in this behalf for the purpose of standardizing methods of analysis.
(2) The laboratory specified in column (1) of Table - 1 below, shall carry out the functions entrusted to it by the Act or these rules in respect of the local areas specified in the corresponding entry in column (2) thereof.

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(1) (a) Samples of food for analysis under sub-section (2) of section 13 of the Act shall be sent either through a Messenger or by registered post in a sealed packet, enclosed together with a memorandum in Form I in an outer cover addressed to the Director.
(b) Samples of food for analysis under sub-section (2) of section6 of the Act or under clause (a) of Rule 3 shall be sent either through a Messenger or by registered post in a sealed packet enclosed together with a memorandum in Form IA in an outer cover addressed to the Director.
(2) The container as well as the outer covering of the packet shall be marked with a distinguishing number.
(3) A copy of the memorandum and a specimen impression of the seal used to seal the container and the cover shall be sent separately by registered post to the Director.
(4) On receipt of a package containing a sample for analysis, the Director or an officer authorized by him, shall compare the seals on the container and the outer cover with specimen impression received separately and shall note the condition of the seals thereon.
(5) After test or analysis the certificate thereof shall be supplied forthwith to the sender in Form II.
(6) The fees payable in respect of such a certificate shall be Rs. 1000 per sample of food analysed.
(7) Certificate issued under the rules by the laboratory shall be signed by the Director.

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Standards of quality of the various article of food specified in Appendix B to these rules are as defined in that appendix.

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A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a public analyst unless he:-
(1) holds a Master's Degree in Chemistry or Bio-chemistry of Food Technology or Microbiology or Food and Drugs from a University established in India by law or is an Associate of the Institution of Chemists (India) by examina tion in the section of Food Analysis conducted by the Institution of Chemists (India) or has an equivalent qualifications recognized and notified by the Central Government for such purposes and has not less than three years' experience in the analysis of food.
(2) has been declared qualified for appointment as a public analyst by a Board appointed and notified by the Central Government for such purposes;

Provided that a person who is a public analyst on the date of commencement of these Prevention of Food Adulteration (Amendment) Rules 1994, or who has worked as a public analyst for a period of three years before such commencement may hold office as such, subject to the terms and conditions of service applicable to him even though he does not fulfil the qualifications laid down in clause (1) and (2).
Provided further that a person who:-
(i) holds a degree in science with Chemistry or Bio-chemistry or Food Technology or Food and Drugs from a University established in India by Law or has an
equivalent qualification recognized and notified by the Central Government for such purpose and has not less than five years of experience after graduation in the analysis of food, and
(ii) (a) has been declared qualified for appointment as a Public Analyst by a Board appointed and notified under clause (2) of this rule, prior to commencement to the Prevention of Food Adulteration (Amendment) Rules, 1994, or
(b) shall be declared qualified for appointment as a Public Analyst by a Board appointed and notified under clause (2) of this rule upto the period of 31st March, 1999.
Shall be eligible for appointment as public analyst, even though he does not fulfil the qualification laid down in clause (1).

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(1) On receipt of a package containing a sample for analysis from a Food Inspector or any other person the Public Analyst or an officer authorized by him shall compare the seals on the container and the outer cover with specimen impression received separately and shall note the conditions of the seals thereon.
Provided that in case sample container received by the Public analyst is found to be in broken condition or unfit for analysis he shall within a period of seven days from the date of receipt of such sample inform the Local (Health) Authority about the same and send requisition to him for sending second part of the sample.
(2) The public analyst shall cause to be analysed such samples of article of food as may be sent to him by food inspector or by any other person under the Act.
(3) The public analyst shall, within a period of forty days from the date of receipt of any sample for analysis, send by registered post or by hand] to the Local (Health) Authority a report of the result of such analysis in Form III. Provided that where any such sample does not conform to the provisions of the Act or these rules, the public analyst shall send by Registered post or by hand four copies of such report to the said Authority:
Provided further that the public analyst shall forward a copy of such report also to the person who purchased an article of food and forwarded the same to him for analysis under Section 12 of the Act.
Note :- In case of sample received under the proviso of the rule 7(1) or rule 9A, the period of forty days shall be counted from the date of receipt of the second part of the sample.

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A person shall not be qualified for appointment as food inspector unless he:-
(a) is a medical officer incharge of health administration of local area; or
(b) is a graduate in medicine and has received at least one month's training in food inspection and sampling work approved for the purpose by the Central
Government or a State Government; or
(c) is a graduate in Science with Chemistry as one of the subjects or is a graduate in Agriculture or Public Health or Pharmacy in Veterinary Science or a graduate in Food Technology or Dairy Technology from a University or Institution established in India by law or has equivalent qualifications recognized and notified by the Central Government for the purpose and has received three moths' satisfactory training in food inspection and sampling work under a Food (Health) Authority or in an institution approved for the purpose by the Central Government:

Provided that the training in food inspection and sampling work obtained prior to the commencement of Rule 3of the Prevention of Food Adulteration (Fourth Amendment) Rules, 1976]' in any of the laboratories under the control of :-
(i) a public analyst appointed under the Act, or
(ii) a fellow of the Royal Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain (Branch E);or
(iii) any Director, Central Food Laboratory; or
the training obtained under a Food (Health) Authority, prior to the commencement of the Prevention of Food Adulteration (Amendment) Rules 1980, shall be considered to be equivalent for the purpose of the requisite training under these rules :
Provided further that a person who is a qualified Sanitary Inspector having experience as such for a minimum period of one year and has received at least three
months training in whole or in parts in food inspection and sampling work, may be eligible for appointment as food inspector, upto the period ending on the 31st March,1985 and may continue as such if so appointed even though he does not fulfill the qualifications laid down in clauses (a) to (c)].
Provided also that nothing in this rule shall be construed to disqualify any person who is a food inspector on the commencement of the Prevention of the Food Adulteration (Amendment) Rules 1980 from continuing as such after such commencement.

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It shall be the duty of the food inspector :-
(a) to inspect as frequently as may be prescribed by the Food (Health) Authority or the local authority all establishments licensed for the manufacture, storage or sale of an article of food within the area assigned to him;
(b) to satisfy himself that t he conditions of the licences are being observed;
(c) to procure and send for analysis, if necessary, samples of any article of food which he has reason to suspect are being manufactured, stocked or sold or exhibited for sale in contravention of the provisions of the Act or rules thereunder;
(d) to investigate any complaint which may be made to him in writing in respect of any contravention of the provisions of the Act, or rules framed thereunder.
(e) To maintain a record of all inspections made and action taken by him in the performance of his duties, including the taking of samples and the seizure of stocks, and to submit copies of such record to the health officer or the Food (Health) Authority as directed in this behalf;
(f) To make such enquiries and inspections may be necessary to detect the manufacture, storage or sale or article of food in contravention of the Act or rules framed thereunder;
(g) To stop any vehicle suspected to contain any food intended for sale or delivery for human consumption;
(h) When so authorized by the health officer, having jurisdiction in the local areas concerned or the Food (Health) Authority, to detain imported packages which he has reasons to suspect contain food, the import or sale of which is prohibited;
(i) To perform such other duties as may be entrusted to him by the health officer having jurisdiction in the local areas concerned 2 or Local (Health) Authority or the Food (Health) Authority.
(j) ********

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(a) Local (Health) Authority shall within a period of seven days of receipt of requisition for second part of the sample from Public Analyst under the proviso of rule 7 (1), send sample to the Public Analyst.
(b) Local (Health) Authority, while sending second part of the sample under the provision of sub-section (2E) of Section 13 of the Act, shall do so within a period of 20 days from the date of receipt of the report from the first public analyst.

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The Local (Health) Authority shall within a period of ten days after the institution of prosecution forward a copy of the report of the result of analysis in Form III delivered to him under sub-rule (3) of Rule 7, by registered post or by hand, as may be appropriate, to the person from whom the sample of the article was taken by the Food Inspector, and simultaneously also to the person if any, whose name, address ad other particulars have been disclosed under Section 14-A of the Act:
Provided that where the sample conforms to the provisions of the Act or the rules made thereunder, and no prosecution in intended under sub-section (2) or no action in intended under sub-section 2 (E) of Section 13 of the Act, the Local (Health) Authority shall intimate the result to the Vendor from whom the sample has been taken and also to the person whose name, address and other particulars have been disclosed under section 14 A of the Act, within 10 days from the receipt of the report from the Public Analyst.

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Where the food inspector keeps any article of food in the safe custody of the vendor under sub-section (4) of Section 10 :-
(a) he shall, after sealing such article of food, make an order to the vendor in form IV and the vendor shall comply with such an order, and
(b) he may require the vendor to execute a bond in Form IV-A

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For every article of food seized and carried away by food inspector under sub-section (4) of Section 10 of the Act, a receipt in Form V shall be given by the food inspector to the person from whom the article was seized.

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When a Food Inspector takes a sample of article for the purpose of analysis, he shall give notice of his intention to do so in writing in Form VI, then and there, to the person from whom he takes the sample and simultaneously, by appropriate means, also to the persons if any, whose name, address and other particulars have been disclosed under section 14 - A of the Act;
Provided that in case where a food inspector draws a sample from an open container, he shall also draw a sample from the container in original condition of the article, bearing the same declaration if such container is available, and intimate this fact to the Public Analyst.

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Every manufacturer, distributor or dealer selling an article of food to a vendor shall give either separately or in the bill, in cash memo or a label a warranty in Form VI - A.

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(1) A company may inform the Local (Health) Authority of the concerned local areas, by notice in duplicate, in Form VIII containing the name and address of the Director of Manager, who has been nominate d by it under sub-section (2) of Section 17 of the Act to be incharge of and responsible to the company for the conduct of the business of the company or any establishment, branch or unit thereof; Provided that no such nomination shall be valid unless the Director or manager who has been so nominated, gives his consent in writing and has affixed his signature, in Form VIII in duplicate in token of such consent.
(2) The Local (Health) Authority shall sign and return one copy of the notice in Form VIII to the company to signify the receipt of the nomination and retain the second copy in his office for record.

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Every vendor of an article of food shall disclose the name and address of the Director or Manager, as the case may be, nominated in Form VIII under Rule 12-B to a purchaser who informs such vendor of his intention of purchasing any such article from him for analysis by a public analyst under Section 12 of the Act.

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(1) Where the food inspector is of the opinion that any person engaged in selling or manufacturing any article of food is suffering from or harbouring the germs of any infectious disease, he may examine or cause to be examined such person:
Provided that where such person is a female above the age of eight years she shall be examined by a women duly authorized by the food inspector.
(2) If on such examination the food inspector find that such person is suffering form any such disease, he may by order in writing direct such person not to take part in selling or manufacturing any article of food.

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Samples of food for the purpose of analysis shall be taken in clean dry bottle or jars or in other suitable containers which shall be closed sufficiently tight to prevent leakage, evaporation, or in the case of dry substance, entrance of moisture and shall be carefully sealed.

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All bottles or jars or other containers containing samples for analysis shall be properly labeled and the parcels shall be properly addressed. The label on any sample of food sent for analysis shall bear :-
(a) Code number and Serial number of the Local (Health) Authority.
(b) Name of the sender with official designation, if any;
(c) Omitted;
(d) Date and place of collection;
(e) Nature of article submitted for analysis;
(f) Nature and quantity of preservative, if any, added to the sample;
Provided that in the case of a sample of food which has been taken from Agmark sealed container, the label shall bear the following additional information :-
(a) Grade;
(b) Agmark label No. /Batch No;
(c) Name of Packing station.

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All samples of food sent for analysis shall be packed, fastened and sealed in the following manner, namely :-
(a) The stopper shall first be securely fastened so as to prevent leakage of the contents in transit;
(b) The bottle, jar or other container shall then be completely wrapped in fairly strong thick paper. The ends of the paper shall be neatly folded in and affixed by means of the gum or other adhesive;
(c) A paper slip of the size that goes round completely from the bottom to top of the container, bearing signature and code and serial number of the Local (Health) Authority, shall be pasted o the wrapper, the signature or the thumb impression of the person from whom the sample has been taken being affixed in such a manner that the paper slip and the wrapper both carry a part of the signature or thumb impression;
Provided that in case, the person from whom the sample has been taken refuses to affix his signature or thumb impression, the signature or thumb impression of the witness shall be taken in the same manner;
(d) The paper cover shall be further secured by means of strong twine or thread both above and across the bottle, jar or other container, and the twine or thread shall then be fastened on the paper cover by means of sealing wax on which there shall be at least four distinct and clear impressions of the seal of the sender, of which one shall be at the top of the packet, one at the bottom and the other two on the body of the packet. The knots of the twine or thread shall be covered by means of sealing wax being the impression of the seal of the sender.

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The containers of the sample shall be dispatched in the following manner, namely :-
(a) The sealed container of one part of the sample for analysis and a memorandum in Form VII shall be sent in a sealed packet to the public analyst immediately but not later than the succeeding working day by any suitable means.
(b) The sealed containers of the remaining two part of the sample and two copies of the memorandum in Form VII shall be sent in a sealed packet to the Local (Health) Authority immediately but not later than the succeeding working day by any suitable means;
(c) The Sealed container of one of the remaining two parts of the sample and a copy of the memorandum in form VII kept with the Local (Health) Authority shall, within a period of 7 days, be sent to the public analyst on requisition made by him to it by any suitable means."
Provided that in the case of a sample of food which has been taken from container bearing Agmark seal, the memorandum in Form taken from container bearing Agmark seal, the memorandum in Form VII shall contain the following additional information namely:-
(a) Grade;
(b) Agmark label No./Batch No;
(c) Name of packing station

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A copy of the memorandum and specimen impression of the seal used to seal the packet shall be sent, in a sealed packet separately to the public analyst by any suitable means immediately but not later than the succeeding working day.

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Any person taking a sample of any food for the purpose of analysis under the Act may add a preservative as may be prescribed from time to time to the sample for the purpose of maintaining it in a condition suitable for analysis.

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The preservative used in the case of samples of any milk including toned, separated and skimmed milk), standardized milk, chhanna, skimmed milk
chhanna, cream, 9ice-candy, dahi, khoa or 8khoa based and paneer based sweets, such as Kalakund and Burfi, Chutney and prepared foods, gur in liquid or semi-liquid form, prepared coffee and prepared tea, shall be the liquid commonly known as "formalin" that is to say, a liquid containing about 40 percent of formaldehyde in aqueous solution in the proportion of 0.1 ml (two drops) for 25 ml or 25 grams.
Provided that in case of samples of ice cream and mixed ice cream, the preservative used shall be the liquid commonly known as formalin, that is to say a liquid containing about 40 per cent of formaldehyde in acqueous solution in the proportion of 0.6 ml for 100 ml or 100 gms.

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Wherever any preservative is added to a sample, the nature and quantity of the preservative added shall be clearly noted on the label to be affixed to the container.

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The quantity of sample of food to be sent to the public analyst / Director for analysis shall be as specified below :
(see table)

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Where food is sold or stocked for sale or for distribution is sealed containers having identical label declaration, the contents of one or more of such containers as may be required to satisfy the quantity prescribed in Rule 22 shall be treated to be part of the sample.

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Notwithstanding anything contained in Rule 22 and rule 22C, the quantity of sample sent for analysis shall be considered as sufficient unless the public analyst or the Director reports to the contrary.

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The quantity of sample of food packaging material to be sent to Public Analyst/Director for analysis shall be as specified below:-

Name of food packaging material - Approximate quantity /Surface areas to be supplied


Food packaging material of plastic origin - 8 X 1000 X 9 sq.cm. surface area."

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The addition of a colouring matter to any article of food except as specifically permitted by these rules, is prohibited.

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Where an extraneous colouring matter has been added to any article of food, there shall be displayed one of the following statements in capital letters, just beneath the list of ingredients on the label attached to any package of food so coloured, namely:-
(I) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL COLOURS(S)
OR
(II) CONTAINS PERMITTED SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR(S)
OR
(III) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR(S)
OR
(IV) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL / AND* SYNTHETIC* COLOUR(S)

(*Strike out whichever is not applicable.)

Note:- Provided that where such a statement is displayed, the colour used in the product need not to be mentioned in the list of ingredients".

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Notwithstanding provisions of Rule 24 and Rule 32 (b) caramel may be used without label declaration.

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Except as otherwise provided in the rules, the following natural colouring principles whether isolated from natural or produced synthetically may be used in or upon any article of food.
(a) [*******]
(b) (i) Beta-carotene,
(ii) Beta-apo-8' carotenal,
(iii) Methylester of Beta -apo-8' carotenoic acid,
(iv) Ethylester of Beta-apo-8'carotenoic acid,
(v) Canthaxanthin;
(c) Cholorophy 11 :
(d) Ribof lavin (Lactoflavin)
(e) Caramel;
(f) Annatto;
(g) [*******];
(h) Saffron;
(i) Curcumin or turmeric

Explanation:- In the preparation of the solution of annatto colour in oil, any edible vegetable oil listed in appendix B to these rules may be used either singly or in combination and the name of the oil or oils used shall be mentioned or on the label as provided in sub-rule (Z) of rule 42.

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Inorganic colouring matters and pigments shall not be added to any article of food. Provided that chewing gum may contain Tritanium dioxide- (food grade) up to a maximum limit of 1 per cent.

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No synthetic food colours or a mixture thereof except the following, shall be used in food:

Colour - Common name - Colour Index (1956) - Chemical Class
1. Red
Ponceau - 4R - 16255 - Azo
Carmoisine - 14720 - Azo
Erythrosine - 45430 - Xanthene
2. Yellow
Tartrazine - 19140 - Pyrazolone
Sunset yellow - FCF 15985 - Azo
3. Blue
Indigo - Carmine 73015 - Indigoid
Brilliant Blue - FCF 42090 - Triarylmethane
4. Green - Fast green - FCF 42053 - Triarylmethane

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Use of permitted synthetic food colours in or upon any food other than those enumerated below is prohibited :-
(a) Ice cream, milk lollies, frozen dessert, flavoured milk yoghurt, ice-cream mix powder;
(b) Biscuits including biscuit, wafer, pastries, cakes, confectionery, thread candies, sweets, savouries (dal moth, mongia, phulgulab, sago papad, dal biji only)
(c) Peas, strawberries and cherries in hermetically sealed containers, preserved or processed papaya, canned tomato juice, fruit syrup, fruit squash, fruit cordial, jellies, jam, marmalade, candied crystallized or glazed fruits;
(d) Non- alcoholic carbonated and non-carbonated ready-to serve synthetic beverages including synthetic syrups, sherbets, fruit bar, fruit beverages, fruit drinks, synthetic soft drink concentrates;
(e) Custard powder;
(f) Jelly crystal and ice candy;
(g) Omitted.
(h) Flavour emulsion and flavour paste for use in carbonated or non-carbonated beverages only under label declaration as provided in clause (13) of sub-sule (zzz) of rule 42".

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The maximum limit of any permitted synthetic food colours or mixture thereof which may be added to any food article enumerated in rule 29 shall not exceed 100 parts per million of final food or beverage for consumption except in case of food articles mentioned in clause (c) of rule 29 where the maximum limit of permitted synthetic food colours shall not exceed 200 parts per million of the final food or beverage for consumption.

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The colours specified in Rule 28 when used in the preparation of any article of food shall be pure and free from any harmful impurities.

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Every package of food shall carry a label and unless otherwise provided in these rules, there shall be specified on every label:-

(a) the name, trade name or description of food contained in the package;

(b) the names of ingredients used in the product in descending order of their composition by weight or volume as the case may be;

Provided that in the case of artificial flavouring substances, the label may not declare the chemical names of the flavours, but in the case of natural flavouring substances or natural identical flavouring substances, the common name of flavours shall be mentioned on the label.

Provided also that whenever Gelatine is used as an ingredient, a declaration to this effect shall be made on the label by inserting the work "Gelatine -Animal Origin."

Provided also that when any article of food contains whole or part of any animal including birds, fresh water or marine animals or eggs or product of any animal origin but not including milk or milk products as an ingredient:
(a) a declaration to this effect shall be made by a symbol and colour code so stipulated for this purpose to indicate that the product is Non-Vegetarian Food. The symbol should consist of a brown colour filled circle having a diameter not less than the minimum size specified in the table given below, inside the square with brown outline having side double the diameter of the circle as indicated in Cl. 16 of the sub-rule (ZZZ) of rule 42:
TABLE:
Area of Principal Display Panel - Minimum Size of diameter in mm
1. Upto 100 cms square - 3
2. Above 100 cms square upto 500 cms square - 4
3. Above 500 cms square upto 2500 cms square - 6
4. Above 2500 cms square - 8

(b) the symbol shall be prominently displayed
(i) on the package having contrast background on principal display panel
(ii) just close in proximity to the name or brand name of the product and
(iii) on the labels, containers, pamphlets, leaflets, advertisements in any media

Provided that the any article of food contains egg only as Non-Vegetarian ingredient, the manufacture or packer or seller may give declaration to this effect in addition to the said symbol

Provided further that these rules shall not apply in respect of any Non-Vegetarian food which is manufactured and packed without the symbol before the commencement of the Prevention of Food Adulteration (Fourth Amendment Rules 2001).

Provide further that whenever any article of food contains whole or part of any animal including birds and fresh water or marine animals or eggs as an ingredient, a declaration to this effect shall be made by a symbol and colour code so stipulated for this purpose to indicate that the product is non-vegetarian food. THe symbol shall consist of a circle with a single chord passing through it's centre from top left hand side to the right, diagonally as indicated below. The symbol shall be displayed in prominent red colour on the package having contrast background and shall have the width of circumference equal to the width of the letters used in the name or brand name of the product and diameter equal to the height of the letters used for the name or brand name of the product. The symbol shall be displayed just above the name or brand name of the product and approximately to it's centre and shall form an integral part of the name or brand name of any article of non-vegetarian food to be indicated wherever the name or brand name shall be displayed including labels, containers as well as in pamphlets, leaflets, advertisements in any media, etc.

The symbol and colour code used to indicate nature of the food as non-vegetarian shall be published/displayed extensively by the manufacturers or packers or sellers so as to reach the entire population irrespective of their literacy status.

Provided further that when statement regarding addition of colours of flavours is displayed on the label in accordance with rule 24 and rule 64 BB respectively, addition of such colours or flavours need not be mentioned in the list of ingredients:

Provided also that in case both colour and flavour are used in product, one of the following combined statements in capital letters shall be displayed just beneath the list of ingredients on the label attached to any package of food so coloured and flavoured, namely:-

(I) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL COLOURS(S) AND ADDED FLAVOURS(S)
OR
(II) CONTAINS PERMITTED SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR(S) AND ADDED
FLAVOUR(S)
OR
(III) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR (S) AND
ADDED FLAVOUR(S).
OR
(IV) CONTAINS PERMITTED NATURAL */AND* SYNTHETIC* COLOURS AND
ADDED FLAVOURS.

In case of packages of confectionery weighing 20 gm or less, which are also exempted from the declaration of ingredients, will be exempted from the declaration of "Animal Origin" even if it contains Gelatine provided that such declaration shall be given on the multi-piece package in such a manner that the same is readable even without opening the package.

NOTE :- A specific name shall be used for ingredients in the list of ingredients except that -
(i) for ingredients falling in the respective classes, the following class titles may be used, namely:-
"edible fats, edible oils, spices and condiments, edible starches (except modified starches), vitamins and minerals, salts. However in case of curry powder or mixed masalas whole or other such masala containing spices, either whole or powdered, as major ingredient, the names of spices used in the product be mentioned on the label in descending order of their composition by weight."
(ii) for substances falling in the respective classes, and appearing in the list offood additives permitted for use in foods generally, the following class titles may be used, namely; Antioxidants, anticaking agents, flour improvers, sequestering and buffering agents,bleaching agents, emulsifying and stabilizing agents, antifoaming agents, preservatives, colours, flavours, vitamins, minerals and edible gums.

(c)
(i) the name and complete address of the manufacturer and the manufacturing unit, if these are located at different places and in case the manufacturer is not
the packer or bottler, the name and complete address of the packing or bottling unit as the case may be;
(ii) where an article of food is manufactured or packed or bottled by a person or a company under the written authority of some other manufacturer or company, under this or its brand name, the label shall carry the name and complete address of the manufacturer the company, for and on whose behalf it is manufactured or packed or bottled;
(iii) where an article of food is imported into India, the package of food shall also carry the name and complete address of the importer in India. Provided that where any food article manufactured outside India is packed or bottled in India, the package containing the such food article shall also bear on the label, the name of the country of origin of the food article and the name and complete address of the importer and the premises of the packing or bottling in India.

(d) The net weight or number or measure of volume of contents as the circumstances may require, except in the case of biscuits, breads confectionery and sweets where the weight may be expressed in terms of either average net weight or minimum net weight.
Note :- In declaring the net quantity of the commodity contained in the package, the weight of the wrappers and materials other than commodity shall be excluded.
Provided that where a package contains a large number of small items of confectionery, each of which is separately wrapped and it is not reasonably practicable to exclude from the net weight of the commodity, the weight of such immediate wrappers of all the items of the confectionery contained in the package, the net weight declared on the package, containing s

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The food claimed to be enriched with nutrients such as minerals, proteins or vitamins shall give quantities of such added nutrients on the label.

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The particulars of declaration required under these rules to be specified on the label shall be in English or Hindi in Devnagri script:-
Provided that nothing herein contained shall prevent the use of any other language in addition to the language required under this rule.

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There shall be a surrounding line enclosing the declaration and where the words "unsuitable for babies" are required to be used there shall be another such line enclosing these words.

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The distance between any part of the words "unsuitable for babies;" and the surrounding line enclosing these words shall not be less than 1.5 mm..

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(1) Principal display panel means that part of a label which is intended or is likely to be displayed, presented or shown or examined by the customer under normal and customary conditions of display, sale or purchase of the commodity of food contained in the package:

(2) The areas of the principal display panel shall not be less than-
(a) in the case of a rectangular container, forty percent of the product of height and width of the panel of such container having the largest area:
(b) in case of cylindrical or nearly cylindrical, round or nearly round, oval or nearly oval container, twenty percent of the product of the height and average circumference of such container; or
(c) In the case of a container of any other shape, twenty percent of the total surface areas of the container except where there is label, securely affixed to the container such label shall have a surface areas of not less than ten percent of the total surface area of the container.

(3) In computing the area of the principal display panel, the tops, bottoms, flanges at top andbottoms of cans, and shoulders and necks of bottles or jars shall be excluded.

(4) In the case of package having a capacity of five cubic centimeters or less, the principal display panel may be card or tape affixed firmly to the package or container and bearing the required information under these rules.

(5) The height of any numeral in the declaration required under rules, on the principal display panel shall not be less than.

(i) as shown in Table - I below if the net quantity is declared in terms of weight or volume.
(ii) as shown in Table - II below if the net quantity is declared in terms of length, areas or number.

(6) The height of letters in the declaration under sub-rule (5) shall not be less than 1 mm height. When blown, formed, moulded, embossed or perforated, the height of letters shall not be less than 2 mm.
Provided that the width of the letter or numeral shall not be less than one third of its height, but this proviso shall not apply in the case of numeral 'I' and letter i, I and 1:
Provided also that the size of letter specified under this rule shall be applicable to declaration made only under rule 32 or 32 A of these rules.

(7) Every declaration which is required to be made on package under these rule shall be -
(a) legible, prominent, definite, plain and unambiguous;
(b) conspicuous as to size number and colour, and
(c) as far as practicable, in such style or type or lettering as to be boldly, clearly and conspicuously present in distinct contrast to the other type, lettering or graphic material used on the package, and shall be printed or inscribed on the package in a colour that contrasts conspicuously with the background of the label.
Provided that -
(a) Where any label information is blown, formed or moulded on a glass or plastic surface or where such information is embossed or perforated on a package, that information shall not be required to be presented in a contrasting colour;
(b) Where any declaration on a package is printed either in the form of a handwriting or hand script, such declaration shall be clear, unambiguous and legible.

(8) No declaration shall be made so as to require it to read through any liquid commodity contained in the package.

(9) Where a package is provided with an outside container or wrapper such container or wrapper shall also contain all the declarations which are required to appear on the package except where such container or wrapper itself is transparent and the declarations on the package are easily readable through such outside container or wrapper.

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A label shall not contain any statement, claim, design, device, fancy name or abbreviation which is false or misleading in any particular concerning the food contained in the package, or concerning the quantity or the nutritive value or in relation to the place of origin of the said food :
Provided that the is rule shall not apply in respect of established trade or fancy names of confectionery, biscuits and sweets such as Barley Sugar, Bulls Eye, Cream Cracker, or in respect of aerated waters such as Ginger Beer or Gold Spot or any other name in existence in international trade practice.

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(1) An article of infant milk substitutes / infant foods whose standards are not prescribed in Appendix 'B' shall be manufactured for sale, exhibited for sale or stored for sale only after obtaining the approval of such article of food and its label from Government of India.
(2) In case of proprietary foods the name of the food or category under which it falls in these rules shall be mentioned on the label
8Explanation :- For the purpose of this rule:-
(a) and (aa) (infant food & infant) ……….Omitted
(b) "Proprietary food", means a food which has not been standardized under the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules, 1955.

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(1) Without prejudice to any other provisions relating to labelling requirements contained in these rules, every container of infant milk substitute or infant food or any label affixed thereto shall indicate in clear, conspicuous and in an easily readable manner, the words, "IMPORTANT NOTICE" in capital letters and indicating thereunder the following particulars, namely:-
(a) a statement "MOTHER'S MILK IS BEST FOR YOUR BABY" in capital letters. The types of letters used shall not be less than five millimeters and the text of such statement shall be in the Central Panel of every container of infant milk substitute or infant food or any label affixed thereto. The colour of the text printed or used shall be different from that of the background of the label, container or the advertisement, as the case may be. In case of infant food, a statement indicating "infant food shall be introduced only after four months of age" shall also be given.
(b) a statement that infant milk substitute or infant food should be used only on the advice of a health worker as to the need for its use and the proper method of its use;
(c) a warning that infant milk substitute or infant food in not the sole source of nourishment of an infant;
(d) a statement indicating the process of manufacture (spray or roller dried) except in case of infant foods, instruction for appropriate and hygienic preparation including cleaning of utensils, bottles and teats and warning against health hazards of inappropriate preparations, as under :-
"Warning / caution-Careful and hygienic preparation of infant foods/infant milk substitutes is most essential for health. Do not use fewer scoops than directed since diluted feeding will not provide adequate nutrients needed by your infant. Do not use more scoops than directed since concentrated feed will not provide the water needed by your infant"
(e) the approximate composition of nutrients per 100/gms. Of the product including its energy value in Kilo Calories/Joules;
(f) the storage condition specifically stating "store in a cool and dry place in an air tight container" or the like;
(g) the feeding chart and directions for use and instruction for use and instruction for discarding left over feed;
(h) instruction for use of measuring scoop (level or heaped) and the quantity per scoop (scoop to be given with pack);
(i) indicating the Batch No. Month and Year of its manufacture and month and year before which it is to be consumed,
(j) the protein efficiency ratio (PER) which shall be minimum 2.5, if the product other than infant milk substitute is claimed to have higher quality protein.

(2) No container or label referred to in sub -rule (1) relating to infant milk substitute and any advertisement relating thereto shall have a picture of infant or woman or both. It shall not have picture or other graphic materials or phrases designed to increase the sale ability of the infant milk substitute. The terms "Humanised" or "Maternalised" or any other similar words shall not be used. The package and / or the label and / or the advertisement of infant foods /
infant milk substitute shall not exhibit the words "Full protein food" "energy food" " complete food" or "Health food" or any other similar expression.

(3) The containers of infant milk substitute meant for low birth weight infant (less than 2500gm) or labels affixed thereto shall indicate the following additional information, namely:-
(a) the words "Low birth weight (Less than 2.5. kg)" in capital letters alongwith the product name in central panel;
(b) a statement " the low birth weight infant milk substitute shall be withdrawn under medical advice as soon as the mother's milk is sufficiently available", and
(c) a statement "TO BE TAKEN UNDER MEDICAL ADVICE" in capital letters.

(4) The product which contains neither milk nor any milk derivatives shall be labeled "Contains no milk or milk product" in conspicuous manner.

(5) The container of infant milk substitute for lactose intolerant infants or label affixed thereto shall indicate conspicuously "LACTOSE FREE" in capital letters and statement "TO BE TAKEN UNDER MEDICAL ADVICE".

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The Labelling of prepacked irradiated food shall be in accordance with the provisions of rule 32 and rule 42 of Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules 1955 and the provisions of the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation Food) Rules, 1991, under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 (Act 33 of 1962)."

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The package, label or the advertisement of edible oils and fats shall not use the expressions "Super-Refined", "Extra-Refined" "Micro-Refined", "Double -Refined", "Ultra-Refined", Anti-Cholesterol", Cholesterol Fighter", "Soothing to Heart", "Cholesterol Friendly", "Saturated Fate Free" or such other expressions which are an exaggeration of the quality of the product"

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The label shall not contain any reference to the Act or any of these rules or any comment on, or reference to or explanation of any particulars or declaration required by the Act or any of these rules to be included in the label which directly or by implications, contradicts, qualifies or modifies such particulars or declaration.

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There shall not appear in the label of any package containing food for sale the words "recommended by the medical profession" or any words which imply or suggest that the food is recommended, prescribed, or approved by medical practitioners 2or approved for medical purpose.

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(1) There shall not be written in the statement or label attached to any package containing any article of food the word "imitation" or any words, or words implying that the article is a substitute for any food, unless the use of the said works is specifically permitted under these rules.
(2) Any fruit syrup, fruit juice, fruit squash, beverage or cordial or crush which does not contain the prescribed amount of fruit juice, shall not be described as a fruit juice, fruit squash, Fruit beverage or cordial or crush, as the case may be, and shall be described as a synthetic product. Every synthetic product shall be clearly and conspicuously marked on the label as 'SYNTHETIC' and no container containing such product shall have a label, whether attached thereto or printed on the wrapper of such container or otherwise, which may lead the consumer into believing that it is a fruit product. Neither the word "FRUIT" shall be used in describing such a product nor shall it be sold under the cover of label which carries picture of any fruit. Carbonated water containing no fruit juice or pulp shall not have a label which leads the consumer into believing that it is fruit product.
(3) Any fruit and vegetable product alleged to be fortified with vitamin C shall contain not less than 40 mgm of ascorbic acid per 100gm of the product.

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The work "pure" or any word or words of the same significance shall not be included in the label of a package that contains imitation of any food.

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(A) COFFEE-CHICORY MIXTURE :-
(i) Every package containing a mixture of coffee and chicory shall have affixed to it a label upon which shall be printed the following declaration :
Coffee blended with Chicory
This mixture contains:
Coffee ____ percent
Chicory ____ percent"
(ii) Every package containing Instant Coffee-Chicory mixture shall have affixed to it a label upon which shall be printed the following declarations.
Instant Coffee-Chicory Mixture made from blends of Coffee and Chicory
Coffee ____ Percent
Chicory ____ Percent"

(B) CONDENSED MILK OR DESSICATED (DRIED) MILK:-
(1) every package containing condensed milk or dessicated (dried) milk shall bear a label upon which is printed such one of the following declarations as may be applicable or such other declaration substantially to the like effect as may be allowed by the State Government.
(a) In the case of condensed milk (unsweetened);
CONDENSED MILK UNSWEETENED
(Evaporated Skimmed Milk)
This tin contains the equivalent of ……………litres of toned milk

(b) In the case of condensed milk (sweetened);
CONDENSED MILK SWEETENED
This tin contains the equivalent of ……………………litres of toned milk with sugar added

(c) In the case of condensed skimmed milk (unsweetened):
CONDENSED MILK SKIMMED UNSWEETENED
(Evaporated Milk)
This tin contains the equivalent of …. Litres of skimmed milk

(d) In the case of condensed skimmed milk (sweetened):
CONDENSED SKIMMED MILK SWEETENED
This tin contains the equivalent of ….litres of skimmed milk with sugar added

(dd) In the case of condensed milk (sweetened and flavoured.):
This has been flavoured with……………
NOT TO BE USED FOR INFANTS BELOW SIX MONTHS

(ddd) In the case of condensed milk /condensed skimmed milk (unsweetened) sterilized by Ultra High Temperature (UHT) treatment:-
This has been Sterilised by UHT process

(e) In the case of milk powder :
MILK POWDER
This tin contains the equivalent of………..litres of toned milk

(ee) In the case of milk powder which contain lecithin :
MILK POWDER IN THIS PACKAGE CONTAINS LECITHIN

(f) In the case of partly skimmed milk powder :
PARTLY SKIMMED MILK POWDER
This tin contains the equivalent of …….litres of partly skimmed milk having ……….per cent milk fat

(g) In the case of skimmed milk powder :
SKIMMED MILK POWDER
This tin contains the equivalent of (x)……litres of skimmed milk


(ii) The declaration shall in each case be completed by inserting at (x) the appropriate number in figures' for example, "One and half (1/1/2)", any fraction being expressed as eight quarters or a half, as the case may be.

(iii) There shall not be placed on any package containing condensed milk or dessicated (dried) milk any comment on, explanation or, or reference to either the statement of equivalence, contained in the prescribed declaration or on the words "machine skimmed" skimmed" or unsuitable for babies" except instructions as to dilution as follows:
To make a fluid not below the composition of toned milk or skimmed milk (as the case may be) with the contents of this package, add (here insert the number of parts) of water by volume to one part by volume of this condensed milk or dessicated (dried) milk".

Sweetened condensed milk and other similar products which are not suitable for infant feeding shall not contain any instructions for modifying them for infant formula.

(iv) Wherever the work "milk" appears on the label of a package of condensed skimmed milk or of (dried) skimmed milk as the description or part of the description or part of the description of the contents, it shall be immediately preceded or followed by the work "machine skimmed" or "partly skimmed", as the case may be.


(C) FLUID MILK :
The caps of the milk bottles shall clearly indicate the nature of the milk contained in them. The indication may be either in full or abbreviation shown below :
(i) Buffalo milk may be denoted by the letter 'B'.
(ii) Cow milk may be denoted by the letter 'C'.
(iii) Goat milk may be denoted by the letter 'G'.
(iv) Standardised milk may be denote d by the letter 'S'.
(v) Toned milk may be denote by the letter 'T'.
(vi) Double toned milk may be denoted by the letters 'DT'.
(vii) Skimmed milk may be denoted by the letter 'K'.
(viii) Pasteurised milk may be denoted by the letter 'P' followed by the class of milk.
For example, Pasteurised Buffalo milk shall bear the letter 'PB.
Alternatively colours of the caps of the milk bottles shall be indicative of the nature of milk contained in them, the classification of colours being displayed at places where milk is sold/stored or exhibited for sale, provided that the same had been simultaneously intimated to the concerned Local (Health) Authority. Other media of information like Press may also be utilized];

(D) ICE-CREAM -
Every dealer in ice cream or mixed ice-cream who, in the street or other place of public resort, sells or offers or exposes for sale, ice-cream or ice-candy, from a stall or from a cart, barrow or other vehicle, or from a basket, phial, tray or other container used without a staff or a vehicle shall have his name and address along with the name and address of the manufacturer, if any, legibly and conspicuously displayed on the stall, vehicle or container as the case may be.

(E) HINGRA :-
Every container containing Hingra shall bear a label upon which is printed a declaration in the following form, namely:- "This container contains Hingra (Imported from Iran / Afghanistan) and is certified to be conforming to the standards laid down in the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules 1955

(F) LIGHT BLACK PEPPER :-
Every package containing light black pepper shall bear the following label in addition to the Agmark seal and the requirement prescribed under Rule 32 :
Light Black Pepper (Light berries).

(G) CASSIA BARK
Every package containing "Cassia Bark" shall bear the following label:
CASSIA BARK (TAJ)

(GG) CINNAMON
Every package containing " Cinnamon" shall bear the following label :
CINNAMON (DALCHINI)

(H) Every package of chillies which contains added edible oil shall bear the following label :
CHILLIES I THIS PACKAGE CONTAINS AN ADMIXTURE OF NOT MORE THAN 2 PER CENT OF…………………(NAME OF OIL) EDIBLE OIL

(I) Omitted

(J) ICE CREAM KULFI ETC
Every package of ice-cream, kulfi, kulfa, and chocolate ice cream containing starch shall have a declaration on a label as specified in sub-rule (2) of Rule 43,

(K) PARTLY SKIMMED MILK POWDER
Partly skimmed milk powder (sour) used by industry like bakery, containing sodium bicarbonate as neutralizer shall have a label declaration as "UNFIT FOR DIRECT CONSUMPTION".

(L) MASALA :
Every package of mixed masala fried in oil shall bear the following label".
MIXED MASALA (FRIED)
THIS MASALA HAS BEEN FRIED IN………………………. (Name of the edible oil used)

(M) COMPOUNDED ASAFOETIDA :-
Every container of compounded asafoetida shall indicate the approximate composition of edible starch or edible cereal flour used in the compound, on the label.

(N) Every package containing maida treated with improver or bleaching agents shall carry the following label, namely :
WHEAT FLOUR TREATED WITH IMPROVER/BLEACHING AGENTS
TO BE USED BY BAKERIES ONLY

(O) Every package containing an admixture of palmolein with groundnut oil shall carry the following label, namely :
BLEND OF PALMOLEIN AND GROUNDNUT OIL
Palmolein…………………………….per cent
Groundnut oil………………………….per cent

(P) Every package containing an admixture of imported rapeseed oil with mustard oil, shall carry t

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(1) Every advertisement and every price or trade list or label for an article of food which contains an addition, admixture or deficiency shall describe the food as containing such addition, admixture or deficiency and shall also specify the nature and quantity of such addition, admixture or deficiency. No such advertisement or label attached to the container of the food shall contain any words which might imply that the food is pure :-
Provided that for the purpose of this rule the following shall not be deemed as an admixture or an addition, namely :-
(a) salt in butter or margarine ;
(b) vitamins in food;

(2) Every package, containing a food which is not pure by reason of any addition, admixture or deficiency shall be labelled with an adhesive label, which, shall have the following declaration :
DECLARATION
THIS (a)……………… CONTAINS AN
ADMIXTURE/ ADDITION OF NOT MORE
THAN (b).….. PER CENT OF (c)……..
(a) Here insert the name of food.
(b) Here insert the quantity of admixture which may be present.
(c) Here insert the name of the admixture or the name of the ingredient which is deficient.
Where the context demands it, the words' contains an admixture of shall be replaced by the words 'contains an addition of or is deficient in ;

(3) Unless the vendor of a food containing an addition, admixture or deficiency, has reason to believe that the purchaser is able to read and understand the declaratory label, he shall give the purchaser, if asked, the information contained in the declaratory label by word of mouth at the time of sale.

(4) Nothing contained in this rule shall be deemed to authorise any person to sell any article of food required under the Act or these rules to be sold in pure condition, otherwise than in its pure condition.

(5) Nothing contained in the rule shall apply in the case of sweets, confectionery, biscuits, bakery products, processed fruits, aerated water, vegetables and flavorings agents.

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There shall be no advertisement of any food which is misleading or contravening the provisions of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (37 of 1954) or the rules made thereunder.
Explanation: The term' Advertisement' means any visible representation or announcement made by means of any light, sound, smoke or gas"

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Notwithstanding the provisions of Rule 43, no person shall either by himself or by any servant or agent sell :-
(a) cream which has not been prepared exclusively from milk or which contains less than 25 per cent of milk fat.
(b) milk which contains any added water.
(c) ghee which contains any added matter not exclusively derived from milk fat.
(d) skimmed milk (fat abstracted) as milk.
(e) a mixture of two or more edible oils as an edible oil.
(f) vanaspati to which ghee or any other substance has been added
(g) [***]
(h) turmeric containing any foreign substance.
(i) mixture of coffee and any other substance except chicory.
(j) dahi or curd not prepared from boiled, pasteurised or sterilised milk.
(k) [***].
(l) milk or a milk product specified in appendix B containing a substance not found in milk, except as provided in the rules:

Provided that the Central Government may be notification in the Official Gazette exempt any preparations made of soluble extracts of coffee from the operation of this rule
Provided that proprietary food articles relating to clause (i), shall be exempted from the operation of this rule
Provided further that in respect of clause ( e ) a maximum tolerance of 15.0 red units in 1 cm. cell on Lovibond scale is permitted when the oil is tested for Baudouin test without dilution, that is to say, by shaking vigorously for 2 minutes, 5ml. of the sample with 5 ml. of hydrochloric acid (specific gravity 1.19) and 0.3 ml. of 2 per cent alcoholic solution of furfural and allowing to stand for 5 minutes:

Provided also that in respect of clause (e), maximum tolerance of 10 red unit in 1 cm. cell on lovibond scale is permitted when the oil is tested for Halphen's test without dilution, that is to say, by shaking 5 ml. of sample with 5ml of sulphur solution [one per cent (w/v) solution of sulphur in carbon-disulphide mixed with equal volume of amyl alcohol, in a closed system test tube (250x25cm.) heating in hot water (70°C - 80°C) for a few minutes with occasional shaking until carbon-disulphide is boiled off and the sample stops foaming and then placing the tube on saturated brine bath, capable of being regulated at 110°C-115°C for 2.5 hours

Provided also that prohibition in clause (e) shall remain inoperative in respect of admixture of any two edible vegetable oils as an edible vegetable oil, where-
(a) the proportion by weight of any edible vegetable oil used in the admixture is not less than 20 percent by weight and
(b ) the admixture of edible vegetable oils, is processed or packed and sold, by the Department of Civil Supplies, Government of India (Dte. of Vanaspati, Vegetable Oils and Fats) or by the agencies authorised by the Department, or by the National Dairy Development Board or by the State Cooperative Oilseeds Growers Federation Regional and District Cooperative Oilseeds Growers Union set-up under National Dairy development Board's Oilseeds and Vegetable Oil Project or by the Public Sector undertakings of Central and State Governments, in sealed packages weighing not more than 5 kgs. under Agmark Certification Mark compulsorily and rearing the label declaration as laid down in clause ZZ) of rule 42; and
(c) the quality of each edible oil used in the admixture conforms to the relevant standard prescribed by these rules.

Provided also that proprietary food articles, as defined in clause (b) of the Explanation to rule 37 A, relating to clause (1) shall be exempted from the operation of this rule".

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No person in any State shall, with effect from such date as the state Government concerned may by notification in the Official Gazette specify in this behalf, sell or offer or expose for sale, or have in his possession for the purpose of sale, under any description or for use as an ingredient in the preparation of any article of food intended for sale :-
(a) Kesari gram (Lathyrus sativus) and its products.
(b) Kesari dal (Lathyrus sativus) and its products.
(c) Kesari dal flour (Lathyrus sativus) and its products,
(d) A mixture of Kesari gram (Lathyrus sativus) and Bengal- gram (Cicer arietinum) or any other gram.
(e) A mixture of Kesari dal (Lathyrus sativus) and Bengal- gramdal (Cicer arietinum) or any other dal.
(f) A mixture of Kesari dal (Lathyrus sativus) flour and Bengal- gram (Cicer arietinum) flour or any other flour.]

Explanation:- The equivalent of Kesari gram in some of the Indian languages are as follows :-
1. Assamese - Khesari, Teora.
2. Bengali - Khesari, Teora, Kassur, Batura.
3. Bihari - Khesari, Teora, Kassur, Batura.
4. English - Chikling vetch.
5. Gujarati - Lang.
6. Hindi - Khesari, Kessur, Kasari, Kassartiuri, Batura, Chapri, Dubia, Kansari, Kesori, Latri, 'llnra, 'lluri, Kassor.
7. Kannada - Laki Bele, Kessari Bele.
8. Malayalam - Kesari, Lanki, Vattu.
9. Tamil - Muku.
10. Marathi - Lakheri, Batri, Lakhi, Lang, Mutra, Teora, Botroliki-dal, Lakh.
11. Oriya - Khesra, Khesari, Khesari dal.
12. Persian - Masang.
13. Punjabi - Kisari, Choral, Karas, Karil, Kasa, Kesari, Chapa.
14. Sanskrit - Sandika, Triputi.
15. Sindhi - Matter.
16. Telugu - Lamka.

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No person shall sell or offer or expose for sale or have in his premises for the purpose of sale under any description. fruit which have been artificially ripened by use of acetylene gas, commonly known as carbide gas

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No person shall sell or offer or expose for sale or have in his premises for the purpose of sale under any description food articles which have been coated with mineral oil, except where the addition of mineral oil is permitted in accordance with the standards laid down in Appendix 'B".

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(i) The ghee having less Reichert value and a different standard for Butyro- refractometer reading at 40°C than that specified for the area in which it is imported for sale or storage shall not be sold or stored in that area except under the , AGMARK' seal : Provided that such ghee may be (i) sold loose, after opening the , AGMARK' sealed container, in quantities not exceeding two kilograms at a time, and (ii) used in the preparation of confectionery (including sweetmeats ).
(2) A person selling :-
(i) such ghee in the manner specified in sub-rule(l), and
(ii) confectionery (including sweetmeats) in the preparation of which such ghee is used
shall give a declaration in form VI-B to the food Inspector when a sample thereof is taken by him for analysis under Section10 of the Act and also to a purchaser desiring to have the sample analysed under section 12 of the Act.
(3) If on analysis such sample is found to be conforming to the standards of quality prescribed for the area where it is alleged to have been produced, the ghee shall not be deemed to be adulterated by reason only that it does not conform to the standards of quality prescribed for the area where it is sold.

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Till Oil (Sesame oil) obtained from white sesame seeds, grown in Tripura, Assam and West Bengal having different standards than those specified for til oil shall be sold in sealed containers bearing Agmark label. When this til oil is sold or offered for sale without bearing an Agmark label, the standard given for til oil shall apply.

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Carbia Callosa and Honey dew shall be sold only in sealed containers bearing Agmark seal.

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Kangra tea shall , be sold or offered for sale only after it is graded and marked in accordance with the provisions of the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 (1 of 1937) and the rules made thereunder.]

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Irradiated food shall be offered for sale only in prepackaged conditions.

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(i) Flavoured tea shall be sold or offered for sale only by those manufacturers who are registered with Tea Board. Registration No. shall be mentioned on the label.
(ii) It shall be sold only in packed conditions with label declaration as provided in clause "YY' of rule 42.

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No person shall use the word 'honey' or any word, mark, illustration or device that suggests honey on the label or any package of, or in any advertisement for, any food that resembles honey but is not pure honey.

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No person shall sell or have in his possession for the purpose of sale or for use as an ingredient in the preparation of an article of food for sale a mixture of ghee or butter and any substance (a) prepared in imitation of or as a substitute for ghee or butter, or (b) consisting of or containing any oil or fat which does not conform to the definition of ghee :
Provided where a mixture prohibited by this rule is required for the preparation of an article of food, such mixture shall be made only at the time of the preparation of such article of food.

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No artificial sweetener shall be added to any article of food.
Provided that artificial sweetener may be used in following food articles in quantities not exceeding the limits shown against them and shall bear the label declaration as provided in clauses (1) and (2) of sub-rule (ZZZ) of rule 42.
(See table)

Provided that Saccharin Sodium or Aspertame (methyl ester) or Acesulfame Potassium may be sold individually as Table Top Sweetener and may contain the following carrier or filler articles with label declaration as provided in sub-clauses (1) and (2) of sub. rule (ZZZ) of rule 42, namely.

1. Dextrose, 2. Lactose, 3. Maltodextrin, 4. Mannitol , 5. Sucrose, 6. Isomalt, 7. Citric acid, 8. Calcium Silicate, 9. Carboxymethyl Cellulose, 10. Cream of Tartar, IP , 11. Cross Carmellose sodium , 12. Colloidal silicone dioxide, 13. Glycine, 14. L-leucine, 15. Magnesium stearate IP, 16. Purified Talc, 17. Poly vinyl pyrrolidone, 18. Providone, 19. Sodium hydrogen Carbonate, 20. Starch, 21. Tartaric acid.

(2) No mixture of artificial sweeteners shall be added to any article of food or in the manufacture of table top sweeteners.

Provided that wherein column 2 of the Table given under sub-rule ( I ), the use of Aspertame (Methy I Ester) and Acesulfame- K artificial sweeteners have been allowed in the alternative, these artificial sweeteners may be used in combination with one or more alternatives if the quantity of each artificial sweeteners so used does not exceed the maximum limits as specified for that artificial sweetener in column (4) of the said Table as may be worked out on the basis of the proportion in which such artificial sweeteners are combined. Food products containing mixture of artificial sweetener shall bear the label as provided under clause (12) of sub-rule ZZZ of the rule 42.
lIIustration:- In column (3) of the said Table, in carbonated water, Aspertame (Methyl Ester) or Acesulfame Potassium may be added in the proportion of 700 ppm or 300 ppm respectively. If both artificial sweeteners are used in combination and the proportion of aspertame (Methy 1 Ester) is 350 ppm, the proportion of Acesulfame Potassium shall not exceed the proportion of 150 ppm

(3) No person shall sell table top sweetener except under label declaration as provided in subcaluses (1 )and (2) of sub-rule (ZZZ) of rule 42."
Provided that aspertame may be marketed as a table top sweetener in tablet or granular form in moisture proof package and the concentration of aspertame shall not exceed 18 mg per 100 mg of tablet or granule.
48. Use of flesh of naturally dead animals or fowls prohibited:- No person shall sell
or use as an ingredient in the preparation of any i article of food intended for sale, flesh of any
animal or fowl which has died on account of natural causes.

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No person shall sell or use as an ingredient in the preparation of any article of food intended for sale, flesh of an animal or fowl which has died on account of natural causes.

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(1) No person shall manufacture, sell, stock, distribute or exhibit for sale synthetic food colours or their mixtures or any preparation of such colour for use in or upon food except under licence.
(2) No person shall sell a permitted synthetic food colour for use in or upon food unless its container carries a label stating the following particulars-
(a) the words "Food Colours ";
(b) the chemical and the common or commercial name and colour index of the dye-stuff.
(3) No person shall sell a mixture of permitted synthetic food colours for use in or upon food unless its container carries a label stating the following particulars-
(a) the words "Food Colour Mixture";
(b) the chemical and the common or commercial name and colour index of the dye stuff contained in the mixture.
(4) No person shall sell a preparation of permitted synthetic food colours for use in or upon food unless its container carries a label stating the following particulars-
(a) the words "Food Colour Preparation";
(b) the name of the various ingredients used in the preparation.
(5) The licence referred in sub-rule (1) shall be issued by the licensing authority appointed under sub-rule(2) of rule 50 and shall be subject to such conditions as the State Government may specify in this behalf.
(6) All food colours including natural colouring matters and permitted synthetic food colours, their preparations or mixture except saffron and circumin shall be sold only under Indian Standards Institution Certification mark.

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The dry fruits and nuts like raisins, currants, figs, cashew nut, apricot, almonds may contain not more than 5 per cent of insect-damaged fruits and nuts, by count.

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The following food additives permitted for use in certain foods shall be sold only under the Indian Standards Institution Certification marks, namely :-
1. Sulphuric acid (Food Grade)
2. Sodium propionate (Food Grade)
3. Calcium propionate (Food Grade)
4. Sorbic acid (Food Grade)
5. Potassium metabisulphite (Food Grade)
6. Sodium metabisulphite (Food Grade)
7. Sorbitol (Food Grade)
8. Benzoic acid (Food Grade)
9. Sodium benzoate (Food Grade )
10. Fumaric acid (Food Grade) and Quick dissolving Fumaric acid (Food Grade)
11. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Food Grade )
12. Sodium alginate (Food Grade)
13. Agar Agar (Food Grade)
14. Alginic acid (Food Grade)
15. Calcium alginate (Food Grade)
16. Gelatin (Food Grade)
17. Ascorbic Acid (Food Grade )
18. Buty1ated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) (Food Grade)
19. Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) (Food Grade)
20. Caramel (Food Grade)
21. Annatto colour (Food Grade)

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Save as other-wise provided in these rules, no person shall irradiate for sale, store for sale, or transport for sale irradiated food.

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(1) Every utensil or container used for manufacturing, preparing or containing any food or ingredient of food intended for sale shall be kept at all times in good order and repair and in clean and sanitary condition. No such utensil or container shall be used for any other purpose.
(2) No person shall use for manufacturing, preparing or storing any food or ingredient of food intended for sale any utensil or container which is imperfectly enamelled or imperfectly tinned or which is made of such materials or is in such a state as to be likely to injure such food or render it noxious.
(3) Every utensil or container containing any food or ingredient of food intended for sale shall at all times be either provided with a tightfitting cover or kept closed or covered by a properly fitting lid or by a closed fitting cover or gauze, net or other material of a texture sufficiently fine to protect the food completely from dust, dirt and flies and other insects.
(4) No utensil or container used for the manufacture or preparation of or containing any food or ingredient of food intended for sale shall be kept in any place in which such utensil or container is likely by reason of impure air or dust or any offensive, noxious or deleterious gas or substance or any noxious or injurious emanations, exhalation, or euffluvium, to be contaminated and thereby render the food noxious.
(5) A utensil or container made of the following materials or metals, when used in the preparation, packaging and storing of food shall be deemed to render it unfit for human consumption.
(i) containers which are rusty :
(ii) enamelled containers which have become chipped and rusty;
(iii) copper or brass containers which are not properly tinned
(iv) containers made of aluminium not conforming in chemical composition to IS: 20 specification for Cast Aluminum and Aluminium Alloy for utensils or IS:21 specification for wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy for utensils; and
(v) containers made of plastic materials not conforming to the following Indian Standards Specification, used as appliances or receptacles for packing or storing whether partly or wholly, food articles, namely:-
(a) IS :10146 (Specification for Polyethylene in contact with foodstuffs);
(b) IS : 10142 (specification for styrene Polyethylene in contact with foodstuffs);
(c) IS: 10151 (Specification for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), in contact with foodstuffs);
(d) IS: 10910 (Specification for Polypropylene in contact with foodstuffs).
(e) IS: 11434 (Specifications for ionomer resins in contact with foodstuffs).
(f) IS: 11704-(Specification for Ethylene Acrylic Acid (EAA) copolymer).
(g) IS: 12254 -(Specification for Poly alkylene terephathalates) (PET).
(h) IS: 12247-(Specification for Nylon 6 Polymer);
(i) IS 13601-(Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA))
(j) IS 13576- (Ethylene Metha Acrylic Acid (EMM)).
(vi) Tin and plastic containers once used shall not be reused for packaging of oils and fats.

Provided that utensil or containers made of copper though not properly tinned may be used for the preparation of sugar confectionery or essential oils and mere use of such utensils or containers shall not be deemed to render sugar confectionery or essential oils unfit for human consumption.

(6) No person shall sell compounded asafoetida exceeding one kilogram in weight except in sealed container with a label.

(7) No person shall sell Hingra without a label on its container upon which is printed a declaration in the from specified in Rule 42

(8) No person shall sell Titanium dioxide (food grade) except under Indian Standards Institution Certification Mark.

(9) No person shall sell salseed fat for any other purpose except for Bakery and Confectionery and it shall be refined and shall bear the label declaration as laid down in rule 42. (T).

(10) Edible common salt or iodised salt or iron fortified common salt containing anticaking agent shall be sold only in a package which shall bear the label as specified in sub-rule (V) of rule 42,

(l0A) Iron fortified common salt shall be sold only in high density polyethylene bag (HDPE) (14 mesh, density l00 kg/m3, unlaminated) package which shall bear the label as specified in sub-rule (VV) of rule 42.

(11) No person shall sell lactic acid, for use in food except under Indian Standards Institution Marks

(12) The Katha prepared by 'Bhatti method shall be conspicuously marked as "Bhatti Katha."

(13) All edible oils, except coconut oil, imported in crude, raw or unrefined form shall be subjected to the process of refining before sale for human consumption. Such oils shall bear a label declaration as laid down in Rule 42 (W).

(14) Dried Glucose Syrup containing sulphur-dioxide exceeding 40 ppm shall be sold only in a package which shall bear the label as specified in sub-rule (X) of rule 42

(15) No person shall store, expose for sale or permit the sale insecticide in the same premises where articles of food are stored, manufactured or exposed for sale
Provided that nothing in this sub-rule shall apply to the approved household insecticides which have been registered as such under the insecticides Act 1968 (46 of 1968).
(Explanation) :- For the purpose of this sub-rule, the word 'insecticide' has same meaning as assigned to it in the Insecticides Act, 1968 ( 46 of 1968)

(16) Condensed milk sweetened, condensed skimmed milk, sweetened milk powder, skimmed milk powder and partly skimmed milk powder and partly skimmed sweetened condensed milk shall not be sold except under Indian Standards Institution Certification Mark.

(17) No person shall sell mineral oil (food grade) for use in confectionery except under Indian Standards Institution Certification Mark.

(18) No person shall sell confectionery weighing more than 500 gms except in packed condition and confectionery sold in pieces shall be kept in glass or other suitable containers.
(Explanation) :- For the purposes of sub-rule (17) and (18) "Confectionery" shall mean sugar boiled confectionery, lozenges and chewing gum and bubble gum:

(19) No person shall manufacture, sell, store or exhibit for sale an infant milk food, infant formula and milk cereal based weaning food and processed cereal based weaning food except under Bureau of Indian Standards Certification Mark

(20) No person shall sell protein rich atta and protein rich maida except in packed condition mentioning the name of ingredients on the label.

(21) The Blended Edible Vegetable Oils shall not be sold in loose form. It shall be sold in sealed package weighing not more than 5 kg. It shall also not be sold under the common or generic name of the oil used in the blend but shall be sold as Blended Edible Vegetable Oil'. The sealed package shall be sold or offered for sale only under AGMARK certification mark bearing the label declaration as provided under rule 42 and rule 44 besides other labelling requirements under these rules.

(22) Coloured and flavoured table margarine shall only be sold in a sealed package weighing not more than 500 gms with a label declaring addition of colour and flavour as required under these rules.

(23) The Fat spread shall not be sold in loose form. It shall be sold in sealed packages weighing not more than 500 gms. The word 'butter' shall not be associated while labelling the product. The sealed package shall be sold or offered for sale only under AGMARK certification mark bearing the label declarations as provided under rule 42 besides other labelling requirements under these rules.

(24) No person shall sell powdered spices and condiments except under packed conditions.
(Explanation) :- For the purpose of this sub-rule "spices" and condiments means the spices and condiments specified in Appendix 'B' of PFA Rules 1955 :-

(25) No person shall sell or serve food in any "commercial establishment" in plastic articles used in catering and cutlery, unless the plastic material

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(1) No person shall manufacture sell, stock, distribute or exhibit for sale any article of food, including prepared food or ready to serve food, irradiated food except under a licence.
Provided that the fruit products covered under the Fruit Products Order 1955, solvent extracted oil, deoiled meal and edible flour covered under the Solvent Extracted Oil, Deoiled meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order 1967, Vanaspati covered under the Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947, and meat and poultry products covered under the Meat Food Products Order, 1973, shall be exempted from the above rule.

Provided further that a producer of milk who sells milk only to milk cooperative society which is a member of a milk Cooperative Union engaged in re -constitution of milk or manufacture of milk products, shall be exempted, from this sub-rule.
"Provided also that no person shall manufacture, sell, stock, distribute or exhibit for sale any article of food which has been subjected to the treatment of irradiation, except under a licence from Deptt. of Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules 1991 under the Atomic Energy Act. 1962 (Act 33 of 1962)".

(1-A) One licence may be issued by the licensing authority for one or more articles of food and also for different establishments or premises in the same local area.
(1-B) The name and address of the Director or Manager, as the case may be nominated by the company under Rule 12-B shall be mentioned in the licence].

(2) The State Government or the local authority shall appoint licensing authorities.
(3) A licensing authority may, with the approval of the State Government or the local authority by an order in writing, delegate the power to sign licences and such other powers as may be specified in the order to any other person under his control.
(4) If the articles of food are manufactured, stored or exhibited for sale at different premises situated in more than one local area, separate applications shall be made and separate licence shall be issued in respect of such premises not falling within the same local area:
Provided that the itinerant vendors who have no specified place of business, shall be licensed to conduct business in a particular area within the jurisdiction of the licensing authority.
(5) Before granting a licence for manufacture, stock or exhibition of any of the articles of food in respect of which a licence is required, the licensing authority shall inspect the premises and satisfy itself that .it is free from sanitary defects. The applicant for the licence shall have to make such alteration in the premises as may be required by the licensing authority for the grant of licence.
Provided that the licensing authority may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, refuse to grant a licence, if it is satisfied that it is necessary to do so in the interest of public health.
(6) Omitted.
(7) Proprietors of hotels, restaurants and other food stalls (including mobile and itinerant food stalls who sell or expose for sale savouries, sweets or other articles of food) shall put up a notice board containing separate lists of the articles which have been cooked in ghee, edible oil, vanaspati and other fats for the information of the intending purchasers.
(8) Omitted.
(9) No licensee shall employ in his work any person who is suffering from infectious, contagious or loathsome disease.
(10) No person shall manufacture, store or expose for sale or permit the sale of any article of food in any premises not effectively separated to the satisfaction of the licensing authority from any privy, urinal, sullage , drain or place of storage of foul and waste matter.
(11) All vessels used for the storage or manufacture of the articles intended for sale shall have proper cover to avoid contamination.
(12) Every manufacturer including ghani operator or wholesale dealer in butter, ghee, vanaspati, edible oils, and other fats shall maintain a register showing the quantity manufactured, received or sold and the destination of each consignment of the substances sent out from his manufactory or place of business, and shall present such register for inspection whenever required to do so by the licensing authority.
(13) An itinerant vendor granted a licence under these rules shall carry a metallic badge on his arm showing clearly the licence number, the nature of articles for the sale of which the licence has been granted, his name and address and the name, address of the owner, if any, for whom he is working. His containers of food and the vehicle shall also be similarly marked. In addition to the metallic badge the vendor shall, if so required by the State Government or the local authority, carry an identity card with his photograph and the number of the licence. The identity card shall be renewed every year:
Provided that the whole-time employees of the companies shall not be treated as itinerant vendors for the purpose of carrying a metallic badge on their arms or obtaining separate licences if an identity card containing particulars of the valid municipal licence is carried by them.
(14) The nature of articles of food for the sale of which a licence is required under these rules shall be mentioned in the application for licence. Any objectionable, ambiguous or misleading trade name shall not be approved by the licensing authority.
(15) Every licensee who sells any food, shall display a notice board containing the nature of the articles which he is exposing or offering for sale.

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A licence shall, unless sooner suspended or cancelled, will be in force for such period as the State Government may prescribe :
Provided that if application for a fresh licence is made before the expiry of the period of validity of the licence, the licence shall continue to be in force until orders are passed on the application.

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A licencing authority empowered to issue licences in Local areas falling within the jurisdiction of a sea -port, air port, a railway station or a group of railway stations (including any railway colony, office yard, goods-shed, transhipment shed, workshop and other works owned and maintained by the Railway Administration for the purpose or in connection with the railways), shall exercise his functions in the manner prescribed by the State Government concerned in which seaport, airport or railway station is situated and adopt such forms as are prescribed by the Government for the purpose of licensing.]

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"Preservative" means a substance which when added to food, is capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other decomposition of food.

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Preservatives shall be divided into followingclasses :-
(i) Class I Preservative shall be :-
(a) Common salt.
(b) Sugar
(c) Dextrose.
(d) Glucose 1[Syrup].
(e) [***].
(f) Spices.
(g) Vinegar or acetic acid.
(h) Honey.
(i) [***]
(j) [***]
(k) [***]
(l) edible vegetable oils
Addition of Class I preservatives in any food is not restricted unless otherwise provided in the rules.]
Provided that the article of food to which a Class I preservative has been added conforms to the specification laid down in Appendix 'B' .

(ii) Class II preservatives shall be :-
(a) Benzoic acid including salts thereof,
(b) Sulphurous acid including salts thereof,
(c) Nitrates or Nitrites of Sodium or Potassium in respect of food like ham, pickled meat,
(d) sorbic acid including its sodium, potassium and calcium Salts, propionates of calcium or sodium, lactic acid, and acid calcium phosphate.
(e) Nisin
(f) Sodium and calcium propionate,
(g) Methyl or propyl parahydroxy-Benzoate
(h) Propionic acid, including esters or salts thereof,
(i) Sodium diacetate, and
(j) Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of lactic acid.

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No person shall use in or upon a food more than one Class II preservative:
Provided that where in column (2) of the table given below Rule 55, the use of more than one preservative has been allowed in the alternative, those preservatives may, notwithstanding anything contained in rule 55, be used in combination with one or more alternatives, provided the quantity of each preservative so used does not exceed such number of parts out of those specified for that preservative in column (3) of the aforesaid table as may be worked out on the basis of the proportion in which such preservatives are combined.
Illustration :- In the group of foods specified in Item 6 of the table given below Rule 55, Sulphur dioxide or Benzoic acid can be added in the proportion of 40 parts per million or 200 parts per million respectively. If both preservatives are used in combination and the proportion of Sulphur dioxide is 20 parts per million, the proportion of Benzoic acid shall not exceed the proportion of 100 parts per million.

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The use of Class II preservatives shall be restricted to the following group of foods in concentration not exceeding the proportions given below against each.

(see table)

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In a mixture of two or more foods mentioned against each item in the Table under Rule 55, the use of Class II preservative or preservatives shall be restricted to the limit up to which the use of such preservative or preservatives is permitted for the foods or groups of foods contained in such mixture.
Illustration :- In the food specified in item 23 of the table given below Rule 55, sulphur dioxide can be added to dehydrated vegetables in the proportion of 2,000 part per million, If this food is mixed with the food specified in item 24 given in the said table, that is to say tomato puree and paste, where benzoic is permitted to an extent of 250 ppm, then in the mixture containing equal parts of these two foods, the proportion of Sulphur dioxide and Benzoic acid, shall be 1,000 p.p.m. and 125 p.p.m. respectively.]

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No nitrate or nitrite shall be added to any infant food.

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Natamycin may be used for surface treatment of cheese (hard) under label declaration as specified in clause (8) of sub-rule (ZZZ) of rule 42 subject to the following conditions, namely :-
(i) Maximum level of application of Natamycin shall not exceed 2 mg/dm3
(ii) The penetration depth of natamyin in cheese (hard) shall not exceed 2 mm.
(iii) The maximum residue level of Natamycin in the finished cheese(hard) shall not exceed 1 mg/dm3.

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Nisin may be used in prepackaged Coconut Water Drink upto a maximum concentration of 5000 International Unit per litre.

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Omitted by GSR 243 dated 1st March 1980

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(1) Chemicals described in monographs of the Indian Pharmacopoeia when used in foods, shall not contain poisonous metals beyond the limits specified in the appropriate monographs of the Indian Pharmacopoeia for the time being in force.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-rule (1), no article of food specified in Column 2 of the table below, shall contain any metal specified in excess of the quantity specified in Column 3 of the said table.

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(1) Crop contaminant means any substance not intentionally added to food, but which gets added to articles of food in the process of their production (including operations carried out in crop husbandry, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine), manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packing. packaging, transport or holding of articles of such foods as a result of environmental contamination.
(2) No article of food specified in column (2) of the Table below shall contain crop contaminant specified in the corresponding entry in column (1) thereof in excess of quantities specified in the corresponding entry in column (3) of the said Table:-

Table:
Name of the contaminants - Article of food mg/kg.
Aflatoxin - All articles of food - 0.03

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The toxic substance specified in column (1) of the Table below, which may occur naturally in any article of food, shall not exceed the limit specified in the corresponding entry in column (2) of the said Table:-

Table:

Name of substance - Maximum limit
Agaric acid l00 ppm
Hydrocyanic acid 5 ppm
Hypericine 1 ppm
Saffrole 10 ppm

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'Anti-oxidant' means a substance which when added to food retards or prevents oxidative deterioration of food and does not include sugar, cereal oils, flours, herbs and spices.

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No anti-oxidant other than lecithin,ascorbic acid and tocopherol shall be added to any food:
Provided that the following anti-oxidants, not exceeding in concentration mentioned against each, may be added to edible oils and fats except ghee and butter, namely :-
1. Ethyl gallate - 0.01 per cent
2. Propyl gallate - 0.01 per cent
3. Octyl gallate or mixture thereof - 0.01 per cent
4. Dodecyl gallate - 0.01 per cent
5. AscorbyI palmitate 0.02 per cent
6. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BRA) 0.02 per cent
7. Citric acid - 0.01 per cent
8. Tartaric acid - 0.01 per cent
9. Gallic acid 0.01 per cent
10. Resin Guaiace 0.05 per cent
11. Tertiary butyl hydro quinone (TBRQ) 0.02 per cent

Provided that dry mixes of Rasgollas and vadas may contain butylated hydroxyanisole (BRA) not exceeding 0.02 per cent calculated ! on the basis of fat content :
Provided further that anti-oxidants pennitted in Rule 59 may be used in permitted flavouring agents in concentration not exceeding 0.01 per cent.
Provided further that wherever butylated hydroxyanisole (BRA) is used in conjunction with the anti-oxidants mentioned at items Nos. 1 to 4 of the preceding proviso, the quantity of the mixture shall not exceed the limit of 0.02 per cent :
Provided also that, Ghee and Butter may contain Butylated hydroxyanisole (BRA) in a concentration not exceeding 0.02 per cent.
Provided also that fat spread may contain Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or Tertiary-butyl-hydro quinone (TBHQ) in a concentration not exceeding 0.02 per cent by weight on fat basis.
Provided further that ready-to-eat dry breakfast cereals may contain Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BRA) not exceeding 0.005 per cent (50 p.p.m).
Provided also that in ready to drink infant milk substitute, lecithin ,and ascrobyl palmitate may be used up to a maximum limit of 0.5 gm/ 100 ml. and 1 mg/100 ml.respectively.

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Vitamin D preparation may contain anti-oxidants prescribed in Rule 59 not exceeding 0.08 per cent.

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"Emulsifying agents" and "Stabilising agents" mean substances which when added to food are capable of facilitating a uniform dispersion of oils and fats in aqueous media or vice versa and/or stabilising such emulsions and include the following, namely:-

Agar, alginic acid, calcium and sodium alginates, carrageen, edible gums (such as guar, karaya, arabic, carobean, furcellaran, tragacanth, gumghatti), dextrin, sorbitol, pectin, sodium and calcium pectate, sodium citrate, sodium phosphates, sodium tartrate, calcium lactate, lecithin, albumen, gelatin, quillaila, modified starches, hydrolysed proteins, monoglycerides or diglycerides of fatty acids, synthetic lecithin, propylene glycol stearate, propylene glycol alginate, methyl ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium carboxy- methyl cellulose, stearyl tartaric acid, esters of monoglycerides and diglycerides of fatty acids, monostearin sodium sulphoacetate, sorbitan esters of fatty acids or in combination, poly- oxy-ethylene sorbitan monostearate sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate and calcium stearoyl-2- lactylate, Polyglycerol Esters of fatty acids and polyglycerol Ester of interesterified Ricinoleic acid" Glycerol esters of wood rosins (Ester Gum)

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No emulsifying or stabilizing agent shall be used in any food except where the use of emulsifying or stabilising agent is specifically permitted:
Provided that the following emulsifying or stabilising agents shall not be used in milk and cream, namely:
Monoglycerides or diglycerides of fatty acids, synthetic lecithin, propylene glycol stearate, propylene glycol alginate, methyl ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, stearyl tartaric acid, esters of monoglycerides and diglycerides of fatty acids, monostearin sodium sulphoacetate, sorbitan esters of fatty acids or in combination
Provided further that Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids and polyglycerol ester of interesterified Ricinoleic acid may be used in bakery products and in chocolate to the extent of 0.2 per cent by weight.
Provided also that diacetyl tartaric acid, esters of mono and diglycerides may be used in bread and cakes.

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Starch phosphate, a gum Arabic substitute, may be used in syrup, ice-cream powder, salad dressing and pudding to a maximum extent of 0.5 per cent.

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Modified food starches (derivative starches) may be used in baked foods, confectionery, snacks, flavours. Dairy products (where use of emulsifier/stabiliser is allowed in Appendix 'B' to the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules, 1995) glazes, icings, gravies, sauces, soups, fruit filling, coatings and , fruit beverages or fruit drinks upto a maximum concentration of 0.5 fpercent by weight.

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The emulsifying and stabilising agents may be added to flavouring agents.

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The following emulsifying and stabilising agents may be added to fruit products:
1. Pectin 2. Sodium alginate 3. Calcium alginate 4. Alginic acid 5. Propylene glycol alginate

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The emulsifying and stabilising agents enlisted under rule 60 may be added to Frozen desserts.

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Xanthan Gum may be used in food articles upto a maximum extent of 0.5 per cent by weight.

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No anticaking agents shall be used in any food except where the use of anticaking agents is specifically permitted.
Provided that table salt, onion powder, garlic powder, fruit powder and soup powder may contain the following anticaking agents in quantities not exceeding 2.0 per cent, either singly or in combination, namely :-
(1) Carbonates of calcium and magnesium;
(2) phosphate of calcium and magnesium;
(3) silicates of calcium, magnesium, aluminium or sodium or silicon dioxide;
(4) myristates, palmitates or stearates of aluminium, ammonium, calcium, potassium or sodium.
Provided further that calcium, potassium or sodium ferrocyanide may be used as crystal modifiers and anti-caking agent in common salt, iodised salt and iron fortified salt in quantitynot exceeding 10 mg/kg singly or in combination expressed as ferrocyanide

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Dimethyl Polysiloxane, food grade, may be used as an anti foaming agent in edible oils and fats for deep fat frying upto a maximum limit of 10 parts per million.
Explanation: For the purpose of this rule, " Antifoaming agent" means substance which retards deteriorative change and foaming height during heating.

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Spreadasil silicon spray (Dimethyl Polysiloxane) if used as release agent in confectionery shall not exceed 10 p.p.m of the finished product.

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Flavouring agents include flavour substances, flavour extracts or flavour preparations, which are capable of imparting flavouring properties, namely taste or odour or both to food. Flavouring agents may be of following three types:-
(A) Natural Flavours and Natural Flavouring Substances:-
"Natural Flavours" and "Natural Flavouring Substances" are flavour preparations and single substance. Respectively, acceptable for human consumption, obtained exclusively by physical processes from vegetable, sometimes animal raw materials, either in their natural state or processed, for human consumption.
(B) Nature -Identical Flavouring Substances :-
Nature-identical flavouring substances are substances chemically isolated from aromatic raw materials or obtained synthetically; they are chemically identical to substances present in natural products intended for human consumption, either processed or not.
(C) Artificial Flavouring Substances :-
Artificial Flavouring substances are those substances which have not been identified in natural products intended for human consumption either processed or not.

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The use of the following flavouring agents are prohibited in any article of food, namely:
1. Coumarin and dihydrocoumarin;
2. Tonkabean (Dipteryl Odorat); and
3. B asarone and cinamyl anthracilate
4. Estragole
5. Ethyl Methyl Ketone
6. Ethyl-3-Phenylglycidate
7. Eugenyl methyl ether
8. Methyl napthyl Ketone
9. P.Propyl anisole
10. Saffrole and Isosaffrole
11. Thujone and Isothujone (alpha and beta thujone)

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Diethylene Glycol and Monoethyl ether shall not be used as solvent in flavours.

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The flavouring agents may contain permitted antioxidants, emulsifying and stabilising agents and food preservatives.

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Monosodium glutamate may be added to an article of food 1 under proper label declaration as provided in sub-rule (S) of rule 42 provided the total glutamate content of the ready-to-serve food does not exceed 1 per cent. It shall not be added to any food for use by the infant below twelve months.

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Where an extraneous flavouring agent has been added to any article of food, there shall be written just beneath the list of ingredients on the label attached to any package of food so flavoured, a statement in capital letters as below:

CONTAINS ADDED FLAVOUR

Note :- If such a statement is displayed, the flavour used in the products need not be mentioned in the list of ingredients.

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Omitted by GSR 411(E) drd 29th March 1990

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(1) For the purpose of the standards specified in Appendix B, the "Carry Over" principle applies to the presence of additives such as colours, flavouring agents, antioxidants, anti-caking agents, emulsifying and stabilizing agents, and preservative in food, as a result of the use of raw material or other ingredients in which these additives were used. The presence of contaminants is not covered for this purpose.
(2) The presence of an additive in food through the application of the carry over principle is admissible in general unless otherwise specifically prohibited in the rules or in Appendix B provided the total additive including the carry over through the raw material or other ingredients does not exceed the maximum amounts so permitted.

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(1) Subject to the Provisions of sub rule (2), no insecticide shall be used directly on article of food : Provided that nothing in this sub-rule shall apply to the fumigants which are registered and recommended for use as such on articles of food by the Registration Committee, constituted under section 5 of the Insecticides Act, 1968 (46 of 1968).
(2) The amount of insecticide mentioned in Column 2, on the foods mentioned in Column 3, shall not exceed the tolerance limit prescribed in Column 4 of the Table given below :

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Solvent-extracted oil means any vegetable oil obtained from oil-bearing material by the process of extraction by a solvent.

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The manufacture, stock and sale of solvent-extracted oil shall comply with the following conditions, namely :-
(1) The oil shall be manufactured only in factories licensed for the purpose under the Solvent -extracted oil, Deoiled Meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order,1967 (hereinafter referred to as the said Order in this Part).
(2) The oil-bearing materials subject to the extraction process for the manufacture of solvent-extracted oil and the solvent used in the said process, shall conform to the standards of quality laid down in sub-clauses (7) and (8) of Clause 9 of the said Order.
(3) Only such grades and varieties of solvent -extracted oil may be manufactured, stocked or sold for the purpose of ditect human consumption as have been permitted in sub-clause (1) of Clause 9 of the said Order, and for the purpose of refining for direct human consumption or for use in the manufacture of vanaspatis have been permitted in sub-clause (2) of Clause 9 of the said Order and these oils hall conform to the appropriate standards of quality prescribed therein.
(4) The oils shall be packed and labelled in accordance with the requirements under Clause 1.1 of the said Order.
(5) The sale or movement of stock of solvent-extracted oils other than of the "refined" grade, that is to say, which has been neutralised, bleached and deodorized and conforms to the appropriate standards of quality of such oil, shall be governed by the provision,of sub-clause (3) of Clause 9 of the said Order. Such oil shall be sold or moved by the producer directly to industrial users thereof registered as such under the said Order, and not to any other person or through any third party.

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Solvent-extracted edible flour means ground material obtained from specially prepared deoiled meal, that is, the residual material left over when oil is extracted by a solvent from oil cake immediately following the single -pressing of good quality edible oilseeds.

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The manufacture, stock and sale of solvent-extracted edible flour shall be subject to compliance with following conditions, namely:-
(1) The edible flour shall be manufactured only in factories licensed for the purpose under the said Order.
(2) the de -oiled meal from which the edible flour is prepared, and the solvent used in the extraction process, shall conform to standards of quality laid down in sub-clauses (6) and (8) of Clause 9 of the said Order.
(3). Only such grades and qualities of edible flour may be manufactured as have been permitted in sub-clause (6) of the clause 9 of the said Order, and these shall conform to the appropriate standards of quality prescribed therein.
(4) The edible flour shall be packed and labelled in accordance with the requirements under Clause 11 of the said Order.

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(1) No solvent other than n-Hexane (Food Grade) shall be used in the extraction of cocoa butter, oils and fats and edible soya flour.

(2) The quantity of solvent mentioned in the column (1) of the Table below, in the food mentioned in column (2) of the said Table, shall not exceed the tolerance limits prescribed in column (3) of the said table.

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The sequestering agents are substances which prevent adverse effect of metals catalysing the oxidative breakdown of foods forming chelates; thus inhibiting decolourisation, off taste and rancidity.

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Buffering agents are materials used to counter acidic and alkaline changes during storage or processing steps, thus improving the flavour and increasing the stability of foods.

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Unless otherwise provided in these rules the sequestering and buffering agents specified in column (I) of the Table below, may be used in the groups of food specified in the corresponding entry in column (2) of the said Table, in concentration not exceeding the proportions specified in the corresponding entry in column (3) of the said Table

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The use of substances specified in column (1) in the food mentioned in column (2) of the Table given below shall not exceed the limit specified in column (3) of the said table

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The maximum limit of glycerol esters of wood rosins (ester gum) when used in flavour emulsions, soft drink concentrate and carbonated water shall not exceed 100 p.p.m. of the final beverage for consumption.

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The maximum concentration of Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate when used in non-alocoholic beverages as a clouding agent shall not exceed 300 ppm.

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For the purpose of this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:-
(a) 'Irradiation' means any physical procedure, involving the intentional exposure of food to ionizing radiations.
(b) 'Irradiation facility' means any facility which is capable of being utilized for treatment of food by irradiation.
(c) 'Operator of irradiation facility' means any person appointed as such by licensee who satisfies the qualifications and requirements as for training specified in Schedule II of the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991.
(d) 'Irradiated food' means articles of food subjected to radiation by :-
(i) Gamma rays
(ii) X-rays generated from machine sources operated at or below an energy level of 5 million electron volts; and
(iii) Sub-atomic particles, namely, electrons generated from machine sources operated at or below an energy level of 10 million electron volts, to dose levels as specified in Schedule I of the Atomic Energy (Control of lrradiation of Food) Rules 1991.

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(1) Save as provided in sub-rule (2), no food shall be irradiated.

(2) No article of food permitted for irradiation specified in column 2 of the Table given below shall receive the dose of irradiation in excess of the quantity specified in column 3 of the said Table at the time of irradiation :-

(see Table)

(3) Routine quantitative dosimetry shall be made during operation and record kept of such measurement as provided under Deptt. of Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules 1991.

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(1) Approval of facilities -No irradiation facility shall be used for the treatment of food unless such facility :-
(a) has been approved and licensed under the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991
(b)complies with the conditions for approval, operation, licence and process control prescribed under the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules 1991
(c) carries out irradiation in accordance with the provisions of the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991.
(2) Foods once irradiated shall not be re-irradiated unless specifically so permitted by the Licensing Authority for the Irradiation process control purposes.
(3) No Food/irradiated food shall leave the irradiation facility unless it has been irradiated in accordance with the provisions of Deptt. Of Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules 1991 and a certificate of irradiation indicating the dose of irradiation and the purpose of irradiation is provided by the competent authority.

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(a) The irradiatjon shall conform to the dose limit and the radiation source to the specific conditions prescribed for each type or category of food specified for treatment by irradiation, under the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991)
(b) Food which has been treated by irradiation shall be identified in such a way as to prevent its being subjected to re- irradiation.
(c) The irradiation shall be carried out only by personnel having the minimum qualifications and training as prescribed for the purpose under the Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991
(d) Food once irradiated shall not be re-irradiated unless specifically so permitted under these rules.

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Any treatment of Food by irradiation shall be recorded by an officer authorised by the competent authority as specified under the Deptt: of Atomic Energy (Control of Irradiation of Food) Rules, 1991 as follows:-
(i) Name of the article;
(ii) Licence No.
(iii) Name, address and other details of Licensee;
(iv) Purpose of Irradiation;
(v) Source of Irradiation;
(vi) Date of Irradiation;
(vii) Dose of Irradiation;
(viii) Serial Number of batch
(ix) The nature, quality of Food to be irradiated and the Batch number,
(x) Quantity of Food irradiated;
(xi) Physical appearance of article; before and after irradiation;
(xxi)Type of packaging used during the irradiation treatment and for packing the irradiated food;

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The irradiated foods shall comply with all the provisions of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954, and rules made thereunder specifying standards of such food.

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